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Originalia

Prozesse der Urteilsbildung über bekannte und unbekannte Personen

Published Online:April 15, 2015https://doi.org/10.1024//0044-3514.33.1.25

Abstract

Zusammenfassung: Drei mögliche Einflussarten des ersten Eindrucks auf die Verarbeitung neuer Informationen wurden simultan in einem Experiment untersucht: (a) Assimilationseffekte bei der Beurteilung neuer Verhaltensinformationen, (b) geringere Gewichtung nachfolgender im Vergleich zu ersten Informationen und (c) eine verstärkte Suche nach situationalen Erklärungen für erwartungsinkonsistentes Verhalten. Die Ergebnisse stützen die Hypothese einer assimilativen Beurteilung neuer Verhaltensinformationen. Evidenz für eine geringere Gewichtung neuer Informationen sowie für eine verstärkte Suche nach situationalen Erklärungen konnte nicht gefunden werden. Die Ergebnisse werden aus der Sicht aktueller Zwei-Prozess-Modelle der Personenwahrnehmung diskutiert.


Processes of Judging Known and Unknown Persons: How the First Impression Influences the Processing of New Information

Summary: Three possible mechanisms of the influence of first impressions on the processing of new information were simultaneously analyzed in one experiment: (a) assimilation effects in the judgment of new behavioral information, (b) lower weighting of new compared to old information, and (c) enhanced search for situational explanations after expectancy-inconsistent behavior. Results support the assumption of an assimilative identification of new behavioral information. No evidence could be obtained for a lower weighting of new information as well as for an enhanced search for situational explanations. Results are discussed in terms of contemporary dual-process models of person perception.

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