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Originalarbeit

Zurückweisungsempfindlichkeit bei Jugendlichen mit Depression

Published Online:May 08, 2017https://doi.org/10.1024/1422-4917/a000525

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Fragestellung: Als Zurückweisungsempfindlichkeit (ZE) wird die Disposition bezeichnet, Zurückweisung ängstlich zu erwarten, als wahrscheinlicher wahrzunehmen und daraufhin überzureagieren. In Studien konnte bereits gezeigt werden, dass Zurückweisungsempfindlichkeit bei depressiv erkrankten Erwachsenen erhöht ist und depressive Symptome bei Jugendlichen begünstigt. Bisher liegen jedoch noch keine Befunde zu dispositionellen Unterschieden hinsichtlich der Zurückweisungsempfindlichkeit bei depressiv erkrankten Jugendlichen vor. Methodik: In der vorliegenden Studie wurde daher erstmals mittels eines Fragebogens zur Zurückweisungsempfindlichkeit für Kinder und Jugendliche (FZE-K) geprüft, ob sich zwischen depressiven Jugendlichen und gesunden Jugendlichen Unterschiede in der Zurückweisungsempfindlichkeit und den Handlungsintentionen nach einer Zurückweisungssituation finden. Eingeschlossen wurden n = 28 Jugendliche mit Depression sowie n = 32 gesunde Jugendliche im Alter von 12 bis 17 Jahren. Ergebnisse: Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass depressive Jugendliche eine höhere ZE aufweisen, Zurückweisung ängstlicher erwarten und die Wahrscheinlichkeit, zurückgewiesen zu werden, als höher einschätzen. Zudem gaben depressive Jugendliche im Vergleich zu der Kontrollgruppe an, stärker mit Selbstattribution und Resignation auf eine Zurückweisung zu reagieren. Diskussion: Die Ergebnisse lassen sich gut in das klinische Bild und in kognitive Theorien der Depression einordnen. In zukünftigen Studien sollte untersucht werden, ob sich entsprechende Interventionen positiv auf den Verlauf depressiver Erkrankungen auswirken.


Rejection sensitivity in adolescents with major depression

Abstract.Objective: Rejection sensitivity (RS) is defined as the disposition to anxiously expect rejection, to perceive it as likely, and to overreact to it. Former studies showed heightened RS in clinically depressed adults and identified it as a predictor for symptoms of depression in adolescents. However, to date there are no studies examining RS as a disposition in adolescents with clinical depression. Method: In the present study, we compared differences in RS and behavioral intentions in depressive and healthy adolescents after a rejection situation. We included n = 28 adolescents with depression and n = 32 healthy control participants between the ages of 12–17 and applied a German version of the Children’s Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire “CRSQ”. Results: It was found that, compared to controls, depressive adolescents show higher RS, are more anxious about rejection, and rate the likelihood of being rejected higher. Furthermore, adolescents with depression more often indicated to resign to rejection and blame themselves for it than their healthy counterparts. Conclusions: Our results are in concordance with the clinical picture and with cognitive theories of the disorder. In future studies, it would be important to examine whether corresponding interventions can have a positive impact on the course of the disease.

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