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Themenschwerpunkt

Nicht-suizidale Selbstverletzung (NSSV) und Suizidalität in der Adoleszenz

Published Online:February 28, 2015https://doi.org/10.1024/1661-4747/a000095

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Sowohl Nicht-suizidale Selbstverletzungen (NSSV) als auch suizidale Verhaltensweisen (etwa suizidale Gedanken, Suizidversuche) haben ihren Beginn in der Adoleszenz. In den letzten Jahren kam es zu einer zunehmenden Differenzierung zwischen NSSV und Suizidalität, was letztlich auch zum Vorschlag einer eigenständigen Diagnose für NSSV zur Aufnahme in das DSM-5 führte. Die vorliegende Arbeit soll basierend auf einer Übersicht der aktuellen Literatur einen Überblick über Definition, Epidemiologie, Ätiologie und Therapie von NSSV und Suizidalität im Jugendalter geben. Die Funktion von NSSV als Mittel der Stress-Regulation wird sowohl durch neurobiologische als auch durch psychologische Studien gestützt. Auch wenn NSSV und Suizidalität anhand der Absicht zu sterben unterschieden werden können, muss NSSV als Risikofaktor für spätere Suizidversuche beachtet werden.


Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) and Suicidality in Adolescence

Abstract. Both Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) and suicidality (such as suicidal ideation, suicide attempts) start in adolescence. The last years have seen an increasing differentiation between NSSI and suicidality, leading to a proposal of NSSI to be included as distinct diagnosis in DSM-5. Our work aims to provide an overlook about definition, epidemiology, aetiology and therapy of NSSI and suicidality in adolescence, based on a review of the recent literature. The role of NSSI as stress-regulation strategy is supported both by data from neurobiological as well as psychological studies. Even though NSSI and suicidality can be differentiated by the intent to die, NSSI needs to be regarded as risk factor for suicide attempts.

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