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Übersicht

Biologische Grundlagen von impulsiv-aggressivem Verhalten

Published Online:September 01, 2006https://doi.org/10.1026//0942-5403.9.1.3

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. Früh beginnende aggressive Verhaltensstörungen, die zu den häufigsten psychischen Störungen zählen, sind zeitlich sehr stabil und haben unbehandelt eine schlechte Langzeitprognose. Sie gehen oft einher mit schwerwiegenden Störungen der Impulskontrolle und sind im Langzeitverlauf assoziiert mit anderen gravierenden Störungen. Als Ergebnis vielfältiger Studien kann die Entstehung aggressiven Verhaltens nur als Ergebnis eines multikausalen Geschehens verstanden werden, in das biologische, psychobiologische, psychologische, psychosoziale, soziologische und situative Einflußfaktoren eingreifen (siehe z.B. Robins, 1991; Raine, 1993; Renfrew, 1997 oder Frick, 1998). Die im folgenden dargestellten empirischen Ergebnisse beziehen sich nur auf einen Teil dieses multikausalen Prozesses, und zwar die biologischen Ursachen impulsiv-aggressiven Verhaltens. Beschrieben werden genetische Grundlagen, neurochemische und psychophysiologische Einflußfaktoren sowie Ergebnisse zu Interaktionen zwischen biologischen und psychosozialen Faktoren in der Genese von aggressivem Verhalten. Es wird die Notwendigkeit einer entwicklungspsychopathologischen Perspektive hervorgehoben, die von einer Interaktion oder Transaktion verschiedener Risiko- oder Einflußfaktoren ausgeht.


Biological foundations of impulsive-aggressive behavior

Abstract. Aggressive behavior disorders manifesting in early childhood are among the most common psychological disorders. They are often accompanied by lack of impulse control and other severe disorders and are very stable with a bad prognosis if untreated. The development of aggressive behavior is regarded as a result of a multietiological process with influences of biological, psychobiological, psychological, psychosocial, sociological and situative factors (Robins, 1991; Raine, 1993; Renfrew, 1997 or Frick, 1998). The biological roots of impulsive-aggressive behavior, that can be found in genetic, neurochemical and psychophysiological factors, and the interaction of biological and psychosocial factors are presented. It is stressed that only a developmental psychopathological perspective, which takes into account the interactional or transactional influences of risk factors, is appropriate for the contemplation of the development of behavior disorders.

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