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Freier Beitrag

Sexuelles Risikoverhalten im Jugendalter

Familiäre und individuelle Faktoren

Published Online:April 01, 2016https://doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403/a000195

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. Im Jugendalter nimmt die Prävalenz von sexuellem Risikoverhalten (SR) zu. Familiäre und individuelle Bedingungen stehen in Zusammenhang mit SR. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Querschnittsstudie bestand in der Überprüfung eines Modells, das individuelle und familiäre Faktoren zu SR in Beziehung setzt. Die Stichprobe der 12- bis 17-jährigen Jugendlichen (N = 246) stammt aus dem DFG-Projekt „Zukunft Familie III”. Im Rahmen eines Strukturgleichungsmodells wiesen die familiäre Lebensumwelt direkt sowie indirekt via externalisierende Verhaltensauffälligkeiten und Alkoholmissbrauch signifikante Zusammenhänge zu SR auf. Das Modell klärte etwa 25 % der Varianz auf. Diese Ergebnisse bieten einen ersten Ansatz für mögliche Korrelate von SR und können bei der zielgerichteten Anpassung von Präventionsmaßnahmen helfen.


Risky Sexual Behavior in Adolescence: Family-Related and Individual Factors

Abstract. The prevalence of risky sexual behaviors rises during adolescence. Younger adolescents with risky sexual behavior show lower rates of safe sex, more frequent sexual intercourse while under the influence of alcohol and drugs, and rarely get tested and treated for sexually transmitted diseases. These practices are also accompanied by psychological and social impairments. To develop effective preventive measures, individual and family-related risk factors need to be identified. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to test a mediation model of individual and family factors for understanding risky sexual behaviors. Individual factors include externalizing behavior problems, alcohol misuse, age, and gender; family factors include family climate, knowledge of the leisure activities of the child, and mother–child conflicts. The sample of adolescents (N = 246, aged 12 – 17 years) was derived from the DFG study “Zukunft Familie III” (“Future Families III”). Structural equation modeling was used to examine family environment and its direct and indirect associations with risky sexual behavior through adolescent externalizing behaviors and alcohol misuse. The model fit the data well, accounting for about 24 % of the variance in boys’ and 26 % of the variance in girls’ risky sexual behavior. Family environment significantly predicted risky sexual behavior, and this was partially explained through increased risk for alcohol misuse and externalizing behavior problems. These results help identify important targets for prevention efforts aimed at reducing adolescents’ risky sexual behavior. The results support the importance of family environment, alcohol misuse, and externalizing behavior problems as targets for prevention. Preventive efforts with a family-based intervention approach may lead to reductions in risk for adolescents’ risky sexual behavior through improving family environment and reducing the risk for alcohol misuse and other externalizing behaviors.

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