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Originalia

Psychophysiologische Belastungsreaktivität nach einem simulierten Feuer in einer Parkgarage

Published Online:October 29, 2012https://doi.org/10.1026/1616-3443/a000154

Abstract

Theoretischer Hindergrund: Bewältigungsverhalten in Notfallsituationen wird meistens retrospektiv erfasst oder ist aufgrund der Verschiedenheit der Notfallsituationen schlecht vergleichbar. Methoden der Virtuellen Realität (VR) ermöglichen die Erfassung von Verhaltensparametern und psychophysiologischen Belastungsreaktionen während eines belastenden Ereignisses und erlauben zudem das standardisierte Wiederholen für mehrere Personen. Fragestellung: Ziel unserer Studie war es, ein neues Notfallszenario (Feuer in einer Parkgarage) in VR zu entwickeln und zu testen, ob sich anhand dessen substanzielle psychische und physiologische Belastungsreaktionen induzieren lassen. Methode: Mehrfach im Untersuchungsablauf wurden das emotionale Erleben und physiologische Parameter erhoben. Ergebnisse: Das VR Szenario führte bei den teilnehmenden Probanden sowohl zu subjektiven als auch zu physiologischen Veränderungen im Sinne einer Stressinduktion. Das von uns entwickelte Szenario erscheint daher brauchbar, Verhaltensstrategien und Bewältigungsverhalten in Notfallsituationen zu simulieren. Schlussfolgerungen: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der VR-Methode mit Blick auf klinisch-psychologische Implikationen werden diskutiert.


Psychophysiological stress reactions to a simulated fire in an underground parking lot

Background: Usually, different behaviors for coping with emergencies are assessed in retrospective and are difficult to compare due to numerous differences in emergency situations. Virtual Reality (VR) scenarios allow the assessment of behavior and psychophysiological parameters during the stressful event, and permit standardized repetitions of one incident. Objective: The aim of our study was the development of a new VR emergency scenario (fire in an underground parking lot) and to test whether it induces psychological and physiological stress reactions. Methods: During the experiment the emotional and psychophysiological experiences were measured several times. Results: The VR scenario caused subjective as well as physiological changes that are typical for stress reactions. Conclusions: Therefore the scenario seems to be useful to simulate coping behavior in emergencies. Limitations of the VR concerning clinical implications are discussed.

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