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Originalia

Deutsche Übersetzung und Validierung der Yale Food Addiction Scale

Published Online:June 27, 2012https://doi.org/10.1026/0012-1924/a000047

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. Exzessives Essen wird häufig mit süchtigem Verhalten in Verbindung gebracht. Bisher mangelte es im deutschen Sprachraum jedoch an einem Messinstrument, das spezifisch das Konstrukt Nahrungsmittelabhängigkeit erfasst. Um diesen Mangel zu beheben, stellt die vorliegende Arbeit die deutsche Version der Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) von Gearhardt, Corbin & Brownell (2009) vor. Diese Skala ermöglicht es, Menschen mit ausgeprägten Symptomen einer Abhängigkeit von bestimmten Nahrungsmitteln zu identifizieren. Die psychometrischen Kennwerte dieses Fragebogens wurden an einer Stichprobe von überwiegend Studierenden (N = 752) getestet. Die einfaktorielle Struktur der YFAS konnte bestätigt werden, bei einer zufriedenstellenden internen Konsistenz. Konvergente Validität zeigte sich in mittleren bis hohen Korrelationen mit anderen Maßen problematischen Essverhaltens, während sich geringe Zusammenhänge mit anderen, aber dennoch verwandten Konstrukten, wie Alkoholabhängigkeit und Impulsivität, ergaben. Weiterhin zeigte sich die YFAS als signifikanter Prädiktor für die Häufigkeit von Essanfällen. Die YFAS scheint somit ein brauchbares Instrument für die Erfassung essensbezogener, suchtähnlicher Verhaltensweisen darzustellen.


German translation and validation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale

Abstract. Excessive food consumption is often described as an addictive behavior. Nevertheless, to date in the German literature, there is a lack of instruments specifically assessing the construct of food addiction. For this reason, we translated and validated the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS, Gearhardt, Corbin, & Brownell, 2009). This scale identifies people with distinctive symptoms indicative of addiction to certain foods. Psychometric properties were tested in a sample comprising predominantly university students (N = 752). The one-factorial structure of the YFAS could be replicated and an adequate internal consistency was achieved. Convergent validity revealed medium-to-high correlations with other measures of problematic eating behavior. Discriminant validity was shown for distinct but related constructs, such as alcohol addiction and impulsivity. Furthermore, the YFAS proved to be a significant predictor of binge eating episodes. The YFAS appears to be a useful tool for the assessment of eating behaviors that have an addiction-like character.

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