Abstract
Coaching hat sich in der Personalentwicklung etabliert. Der wissenschaftliche Blick auf die Wirksamkeit und Wirkfaktoren von Coaching ist aber bisher eingeschränkt. Während in verschiedenen anderen Bereichen (z. B. in der Psychotherapie- oder Mentoringforschung) auch negative Effekte untersucht werden, findet dies in der Coachingforschung kaum statt. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden negative Effekte von Coaching erstmals systematisch untersucht. In einer qualitativen Vorstudie wurden potentielle negative Effekte von Coaching ermittelt und anschließend die Häufigkeit, Intensität und Dauer explorativ erforscht. Dazu wurden per Onlinefragebogen 123 Coachings aus der Perspektive der Coaches evaluiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass pro Coaching durchschnittlich zwei negative Effekte auftreten, die jedoch eine niedrige Intensität besitzen. Weiterhin wurden Faktoren erfasst, welche die Coaches als ursächlich für die negativen Effekte wahrnehmen. Dies sind insbesondere Klientenvariablen, aber auch der Umgang des Coaches mit psychischer Erkrankung des Klienten sowie Zeitknappheit. Darüber hinaus besteht ein positiver Zusammenhang zwischen der Anzahl behandelter Themen und der Häufigkeit negativer Effekte.
Despite the fact that coaching has been established as an important tool within human resource development, research on its effectiveness is limited. Contrary to related research, the analysis of negative effects has been particularly neglected. For the first time, negative effects of coaching are systematically explored. Negative effects were determined within a qualitative preliminary study. Subsequently, their frequency, intensity, and length were rated for 123 coachings from the coaches’ perspective. Results indicate an average of two negative effects per coaching; whereas the majority of negative effects occurs with a rather low intensity. Additionally, the coaches were asked to rate causes of negative effects. Most of all, they chose factors associated to clients, but also factors such as the coaches approach to the psychological illnesses of clients or limited time resources. Moreover, a positive relationship between the number of topics considered and the frequency of negative effects was detected.
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