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Originalia

Kann man Popularität und Freundschaft essen?

Der Zusammenhang zwischen wahrgenommener Ernährung populärer und sympathischer Kinder und dem eigenen Ernährungsverhalten von Kindern

Published Online:April 24, 2013https://doi.org/10.1026/0943-8149/a000092

Abstract

Warum Kinder und Jugendliche bestimmte Nahrungsmittel bevorzugen, ist eine zentrale Forschungsfrage. Da die Akzeptanz durch die Peers in diesem Lebensalter eine zentrale Entwicklungsaufgabe darstellt, untersucht die vorliegende Studie, wie das Ernährungsverhalten von sozial positiv und negativ bewerteten Peers wahrgenommen wird und wie das eigene Ernährungsverhalten der Kinder und Jugendlichen damit assoziiert ist. Ferner wird untersucht, inwieweit dieser Zusammenhang von der sozialen Nähe (eigene Freunde vs. populäre Kinder aus der eigenen Klasse) abhängt. Insgesamt 70 Kinder und Jugendliche einer Konstanzer Grund- und Realschule schätzten ein, wie häufig ihre Peers gesunde und ungesunde Speisen konsumierten. Außerdem wurden sie zu ihren eigenen Nahrungsmittelpräferenzen und ihrem eigenen Ernährungsverhalten befragt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Kinder und Jugendlichen populären und sympathischen Peers ein signifikant gesünderes Ernährungsverhalten zuschrieben als sozial negativ bewerteten Peers. Interessanterweise war jedoch vor allem das wahrgenommene ungesunde Ernährungsverhalten der populären und sympathischen Peers mit der eigenen Nahrungsmittelpräferenz und dem eigenen Ernährungsverhalten assoziiert. Je häufiger populäre oder sympathische Peers nach Ansicht der Kinder und Jugendlichen ungesund aßen, desto häufiger präferierten die Kinder und Jugendlichen die ungesündere Alternative in der Präferenzaufgabe und desto weniger ungesund aßen sie selbst. Dabei waren die Effekte für Kinder, die als populär wahrgenommen wurden, stärker als für sympathische Kinder. Mögliche Gründe für den Zusammenhang von Popularität und Sympathie von Peers und dem Ernährungsverhalten von Kindern und Jugendlichen werden diskutiert.


Can you eat popularity and friendship? The relationship between the perceived eating behavior of popular and likeable children and the individual eating behavior of children

The present study examines the social determinants of eating behavior in children and adolescents. Becoming accepted by one’s peers represents a central developmental task during this age. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to examine how eating behavior of socially positive or negative evaluated peers is perceived and how children’s consumption of foods is associated with these perceptions. In total, 70 children and adolescents of a German elementary and secondary school were asked to estimate how often their peers consume healthy und unhealthy foods and their own food preferences and eating behavior were assessed. The results indicate that children and adolescents perceived the eating behavior of popular and likeable peers as being significantly healthier as compared to unpopular and unlikable peers. Interestingly, the perceived unhealthy eating behavior of popular and likeable peers was related to the food preferences and eating behavior of the children and adolescents. Specifically, children and adolescents showed less preference for healthy foods and consumed more often unhealthy foods, the more they believed that popular and likeable peers consumed unhealthy foods. This effect was most pronounced for popular peers. Possible reasons for the relationship of peers’ popularity and likeability with the eating behavior of children and adolescents are discussed.

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