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Originalia

Psychosoziale Arbeitsbedingungen und Rückenschmerz

Der moderierende Effekt von Detachment in der Freizeit

Published Online:July 10, 2014https://doi.org/10.1026/0943-8149/a000121

Abstract

Psychosoziale Arbeitsbedingungen, wie Arbeitsstressoren und –ressourcen, stehen im engen Zusammenhang mit der Entstehung von Rückenschmerzen. Die Wahrnehmung und der Umgang mit den Arbeitsbedingungen hängen jedoch stark von dem eigenen Erholungszustand und besonders von der Fähigkeit ab, sich in der Freizeit von belastenden Arbeitsbedingungen zu distanzieren (Detachment). Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, den Einfluss von Detachment auf den Zusammenhang von psychosozialen Arbeitsbedingungen und Rückenschmerz genauer zu untersuchen. Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine Onlinebefragung bei insgesamt 647 Verwaltungsangestellten von 13 Hochschulen in NRW durchgeführt. Die Befragten wurden in zwei Gruppen, eine mit Rückenbeschwerden und eine ohne Rückenbeschwerden, unterteilt. Personen mit Rückenschmerzen zeigten deutlich ungünstigere Arbeitsbedingungen auf und hatten niedrigere Detachment-Werte. Zudem konnte mittels logistischer Regressionsanalyse der moderierende Einfluss von Detachment auf den Zusammenhang von Arbeitsstressoren mit Rückenschmerzen bestätigt werden. Auch der Zusammenhang zwischen dem Organisationsklima und Rückenschmerzen wurde durch Detachment moderiert. Der Einfluss des Detachments war dabei besonders ausgeprägt, wenn die Arbeitnehmer/innen starken Belastungen durch Arbeitsstressoren und einem unterstützenden Organisationsklima ausgesetzt waren.


Psychosocial work condition and back pain: The moderating effect of detachment in leisure time

Psychosocial work demands and resources are identified risk factors for back pain development. But, coping with these work factors strongly depends on individual recovery status and the ability to detach from work demands. This study aimed to explore effects of detachment on the connection of work conditions and back pain. From 13 German universities, 647 administrations employees participated in an online-assessment. Questions regarding sociodemographic facts, back pain issues, work demands and resources, and detachment were included in this questionnaire. Respondents were divided into two groups to separate those with back pain and those without back pain. Persons with back pain showed stronger unfavorable work conditions and lower detachment scores. Furthermore, the moderating effect of detachment could be identified by logistic regression analysis. Detachment moderated the relations between work stress and back pain. Additionally, a moderating influence of detachment on the relationship between work climate and back pain was identified. It can be concluded that detachment in leisure time is related to back pain development. Especially when work stress is high it is important for people to detach adequately after work to avoid back pain issues.

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