Abstract
Zusammenfassung.Theoretischer Hintergrund: Pathologisches Glücksspielverhalten nach DSM-IV oder ICD-10 wird als Impulskontrollstörung diagnostiziert. In diesem Artikel wird der Begriff auf problematisches Glücksspielverhalten erweitert. In der Literatur dominieren zwei theoretische Entstehungsmodelle: das “Sucht-“ und das “Neurosemodell“. Fragestellung: Was sind die Korrelate und Risikofaktoren für die Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung problematischen Glücksspielverhaltens, welche Implikationen gibt es für die Modellannahmen und für die Behandlung. Methode: Auf der Basis einer Literaturanalyse wird ein Überblick über die bislang gesicherten Risikofaktoren gegeben. Ergebnisse: Es gibt eine Fülle von Querschnittsstudien und einige Längsschnittstudien, die Hinweise auf das Vorliegen einiger gesicherter Korrelate und Risikofaktoren geben. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Befunde unterstützen bestimmte Modellannahmen und sollten in der Prävention und Therapie von Personen mit problematischem Glücksspielverhalten berücksichtigt werden.
Abstract.Background: Pathological gambling according to DSM-IV and ICD-10 is diagnosed as an impulse control disorder. In this article the term is broadened to problem gambling. In the literature, there are two dominant theoretical models of this disorder: the “addiction” and the “neurosis” model. Objective: What are the correlates and risk factors for the development and maintenance of problem gambling and what implications have these findings for models and for treatment strategies? Methods: A literature review was conducted and articles were analyzed regarding empirical support for well-studied risk factors. Results: There are numerous cross-sectional and a few longitudinal studies which indicate certain significant correlates and risk factors of problem gambling. Conclusions: The studies support some assumptions derived from theoretical models and should be taken into account in developing prevention and treatment options for problem gambling.
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