Suicidality Assessment with PRISM-S – Simple, Fast, and Visual
A Brief Nonverbal Method to Assess Suicidality in Adolescent and Adult Patients
Abstract
Background: The PRISM-S task was developed at the Crisis Intervention Center (KIZ) Winterthur, Switzerland, to enable an assessment of the degree of suicidality in less than 5 minutes with a simple, visual instrument. Aims: Comparison of validity and clinical use of the new PRISM-S task with other instruments known as “gold standards”. Method: Quantitative pilot study enlisting 100 inpatients admitted to the KIZ, aged 15–42 years. Patients’ suicidality was assessed by the PRISM-S task during the first clinical interview and compared to data obtained by standardized suicidality instruments. Results: The patients completed the PRISM-S task in 2 to 5 minutes without difficulty. Data show significant positive correlations between the suicidality as assessed by PRISM-S and the gold standards, i.e., DSI-SS (r = 0.59, N = 65, p < .0001). Limitations: There is no strong evidence that PRISM-S is useful for outpatients or in other settings. The experiences gained with outpatients/patients with other disorders are promising but have not been systematically evaluated. The results do not rely on a randomized design. The sample consists of persons coming to the crisis intervention center. Conclusions: PRISM-S offers a brief, easy-to-administer, and valid method to assess patients’ suicidality. The simple instruction facilitates its use in other languages and other cultures as well. The acceptance by patients and health professionals was good, with no one refusing to complete the task.
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