Mixed Discriminatory Judgments of Individuals’ Warmth and Competence-Related Abilities
Abstract
Although several studies have demonstrated that stereotypes can be mixed in terms of warmth and competence (e.g., cold but competent), the possibility of mixed discrimination has received very little attention so far. To this end, the present study investigated mixed discriminatory judgments of individuals. In two studies, the participants judged the empathic (warmth) and the cognitive (competence) ability of individuals who differed only in whether they belonged to a group typically stereotyped as warm but incompetent or cold but competent. Study 1 compared Greeks with Germans (nationality) and Study 2 preschool teachers with lawyers (occupation). In both studies, the judgments were discriminatory in a mixed pattern consistent with the groups’ stereotype content.
References
2004). Are Emily and Greg more employable than Lakisha and Jamal? A field experiment on labor market discrimination. American Economic Review, 94, 991–1013.
(2009). Social structure shapes cultural stereotypes and emotions: A causal test of the stereotype content model. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 12, 147–155.
(2011). Implicit performance stereotypes and discriminatory judgments of obese individuals’ cognitive abilities. Manuscript in preparation.
(2010). Implicit stereotype content: Mixed stereotypes can be measured with the Implicit Association Test. Social Psychology, 41, 213–222.
(2009). Maintaining a positive self-image by stereotyping others: Self-threat and the stereotype content model. Social Cognition, 27, 138–149.
(2004). When professionals become mothers, warmth doesn’t cut the ice. Journal of Social Issues, 60, 701–718.
(2007). The BIAS map: Behaviors from intergroup affect and stereotypes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92, 631–648.
(2009). Stereotype content model holds across cultures: Toward universal similarities and some differences. British Journal of Social Psychology, 48, 1–33.
(2007). Universal dimensions of social cognition: Warmth and competence. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 11, 77–83.
(2002). A model of (often mixed) stereotype content: Competence and warmth respectively follow from perceived status and competition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 878–902.
(2004). Temporal construal effects on abstract and concrete thinking: Consequences for insight and creative cognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87, 177–189.
(2007). Improving the predictive validity of the Implicit Association Test. North American Journal of Psychology, 9, 53–76.
(2006). Why beauty matters. American Economic Review, 96, 225–235.
(2006). Implicit sources of bias in employment interview judgments and decisions. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 101, 152–167.
(2010). Will the “Real” American please stand up? The effect of implicit national prototypes on discriminatory behavior and judgments. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 36, 1332–1345.
(