Die E–Zigarette – Verbreitung, Konsummuster und Nutzermotive bei Siebt- und Achtklässlern
Abstract
Zusammenfassung.Zielsetzung: E–Zigaretten erfreuen sich weltweit zunehmender Beliebtheit. In der vorliegenden Studie haben wir ein vergleichsweise junges Kollektiv deutscher Schülerinnen und Schüler nach Bekanntheit, Konsum und Konsummustern befragt, typische Nutzergruppen identifiziert und Motive der Nutzung untersucht. Methodik: Im Rahmen der hier erstmals vorgestellten PrevEND study II wurden zwischen 10/2014 und 03/2015 insgesamt 840 Schülerinnen und Schüler aus siebten und achten Klassen der Metropolregion Rhein-Neckar anonym mittels eines standardisierten Fragebogens zu E–Zigaretten (einschließlich E–Shishas) befragt. Ergebnisse: Nahezu alle befragten Schülerinnen und Schüler kannten die E–Zigarette (98 %) und 16 % hatten schon mindestens einmal eine E–Zigarette benutzt. Es zeigt sich ein sozialer Gradient, wonach 9 % aller Gymnasiasten und Gesamtschüler und 17 % aller Real- und 33 % aller Werkreal- und Hauptschüler schon einmal E–Zigaretten konsumiert hatten (p < 0,001). Nutzer von E–Zigaretten waren mehrheitlich Nichttabakraucher. E–Zigarettenkonsum in der Peergroup ist die bedeutendste Determinante des eigenen Konsums. Außerdem war die Lebenszeitprävalenz für E–Zigarettenkonsum höher als die Lebenszeitprävalenz für den Konsum von Tabakzigaretten. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine weite Verbreitung der E–Zigarette unter Jugendlichen und legen u. a. ein bundesweites Monitoring sowie eine weitere Untersuchung des Risikoprofils dieser Produktinnovation nahe.
Abstract.Objective: E–cigarettes are becoming increasingly popular worldwide. In this study we questioned a comparatively young group of German school pupils about their familiarity with e–cigarettes, their history of e–cigarette use, and their usage habits. We identified typical user groups and investigated their reasons for using e–cigarettes. Methods: As part of the PrevEND Study II, which is presented here for the first time, between 10/2014 and 03/2015 a total of 840 seventh- and eighth-grade school children from the Rheine–Neckar metropolitan region were anonymously asked standardized questions about e–cigarettes (including e–shishas). Results: Almost all of the pupils asked were familiar with e–cigarettes (98 %), and 16 % had used an e–cigarette at least once. A social gradient became apparent in which 9 % of all “Gymnasium“ (preparatory high school) students, 17 % of “Realschule“ (higher professional secondary school) students, and 33 % of “Werkreal“ and “Hauptschule“(lower professional secondary school) students had used an e–cigarette at least once (p < 0.001). The majority of e–cigarette users did not smoke tobacco products. E–cigarette use in a peer group was the most significant determinant of individual e–cigarette use. Additionally, the lifetime prevalence of e–cigarette use was higher than the lifetime prevalence of tobacco cigarette use. Conclusions: The results show that e–cigarette use is prevalent among adolescents and indicate the need for statewide monitoring and further investigation of this innovative product’s risk profile.
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