Abstract
Zusammenfassung: Bisher fanden sich bei der Untersuchung von Vorurteilen gegenüber ethnischen Minoritäten häufig nur geringe Korrelationen zwischen impliziten Einstellungsmaßen und expliziten sozialen Urteilen. Im vorliegenden Artikel wird argumentiert, daß das Ausbleiben von Zusammenhängen unter anderem dadurch begründet ist, daß automatisch aktivierte Assoziationen nur unter bestimmten Bedingungen bei der Konstruktion eines Urteils herangezogen werden. In einer Untersuchung zu Vorurteilen gegenüber Türken in Deutschland wurde die Annahme geprüft, ob Personen bei der Beurteilung eines türkischen Jugendlichen in stärkerem Maße auf automatische Assoziationen zurückgreifen, wenn bedrohliche Aspekte einer Fremdgruppe salient sind, nicht aber, wenn bereichernde Aspekte salient sind. Zur Erfassung automatischer Assoziationen wurde der “Implicit Association Test” (IAT) von Greenwald, McGhee & Schwartz (1998) eingesetzt. Die Ergebnisse stützen die Annahme über eine moderierende Funktion der wahrgenommenen Bedrohung.
Summary: So far, the examination of prejudice towards ethnic minorities revealed only small correlations between implicit attitude-measures and explicit social judgments. The present article argues that this lack of correspondence is determined partly by the fact that automatically activated associations are used only under specific circumstances for the construction of judgments. In a study about prejudice towards Turks in Germany, it was investigated if individuals use automatic associations to a stronger degree, when threatening aspects of an out-group are salient, but not under salience of enriching aspects. Automatic associations were measured by the “implicit association test” (IAT) of Greenwald, McGhee, and Schwartz (1998). The results supported the assumption concerning the moderating function of perceived threat.
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