Abstract
Zusammenfassung: Bisherige Forschung belegt konsistent, dass das soziale Image einer erfolgreichen Führungskraft eine höhere Korrelation mit der Beschreibung eines typischen Mannes als mit der einer typischen Frau aufweist. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde die Selbst- und Fremdwahrnehmung von personen- und aufgabenorientierten Führungsfähigkeiten aus der Sicht von 177 deutschen Führungskräften erfragt. Deren geschlechtsstereotype Fremdwahrnehmung von Führungskompetenz zeigt sich darin, dass Frauen im Vergleich zu Führungskräften im allgemeinen seltener aufgabenorientierte und häufiger personenorientierte Fähigkeiten zugeschrieben werden. Darüber hinaus wird weiblichen Führungskräften eine besonders ausgeprägte personenorientierte Führungskompetenz zugesprochen. Gleichzeitig wurde eine androgynere Sicht von Führung zum Ausdruck gebracht, indem kaum in der zugeschriebenen Wichtigkeit personen- und aufgabenorientierter Fähigkeiten für Frauen und Männer unterschieden wurde. Die weiblichen und männlichen Führungskräfte beschrieben sich hinsichtlich der beiden Arten von Führungsfähigkeiten in ähnlicher Weise als kompetent, weibliche Führungskräfte betonten die Bedeutung personenorientierter Fähigkeiten für ihre eigene Person.
Abstract: Previous research consistently indicates that the social image of a successful manager shows a higher correlation to characteristics of a typical man than to those of a typical woman. In the present study, 177 German executives were queried regarding their perception of person- or task-oriented leadership competence in others or themselves. They showed a gender-stereotypical view of leadership competence generally ascribing task orientation more seldom to women than to executives in general, and person orientation especially to female executives. At the same time, they showed a more androgyneous view of leadership in which the importance of person- or task-oriented leadership competence did not differ for men and women. Male and female participants described themselves as similarly competent with respect to both types of leadership characteristics. In comparison to male executives, female executives emphasized the importance of person-oriented characteristics for themselves.
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