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Übersichtsarbeit

Review: Schlafprobleme und psychische Störungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter

Published Online:July 27, 2018https://doi.org/10.1024/1422-4917/a000605

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. Schlafprobleme und -störungen sind in Kindheit und Jugendalter weitverbreitet. Dieser Review beleuchtet den Zusammenhang zwischen Schlafproblemen und psychischen Störungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Schlafprobleme und -störungen gelten zum einen als Risikofaktoren für die Entwicklung psychischer Störungen, aber auch als Symptom und Auswirkung psychischer Störungen. Oft stehen Schlafverhalten und Psychopathologie in einer Wechselwirkung, sodass Schlafprobleme zur Intensität und Aufrechterhaltung psychischer Störungen beitragen. Dieser bidirektionale Zusammenhang ist sowohl in der frühen Kindheit als auch im Schulalter und bei Jugendlichen zu beobachten. Viele Studien konnten zeigen, dass es einen langfristigen Zusammenhang über die kindliche Entwicklung hinweg gibt. Sowohl Umweltfaktoren als auch genetische Faktoren scheinen bei der Entwicklung und Aufrechterhaltung dieses Zusammenhangs eine Rolle zu spielen. Diverse Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, dass die Behandlung von psychischen Störungen und die Behandlung von Schlafproblemen sich wechselseitig positiv beeinflussen. Daher ist die Berücksichtigung von Schlafproblemen in der Diagnostik und Behandlung, aber auch in der Prävention von psychischen Störungen dringend anzuraten.


Review: Sleep and mental disorders in childhood and adolescence

Abstract. Sleep problems and disorders are common in childhood and adolescence. This review aims to throw light on the relationship between sleep problems and mental disorders in childhood and adolescence. Sleep problems and disorders appear to be risk factors for mental disorders as comorbidities, as symptoms, and as effects of mental disorders. Frequently, there is an interaction between sleep behaviour and psychopathology so that sleep problems contribute to the intensity and maintenance of mental disorders. This bidirectional association is observed in early childhood as well as in school-aged children and in adolescents. Many studies show that this association has a long-term nature beyond child development. Both environmental and genetic factors seem to play a role in the development and maintenance of the relationship between sleep problems and mental disorders. Various research articles show that treatment of mental disorders and treatment of sleep disorders influence each other in a positive way. Therefore, it is strongly advised to consider sleep problems in diagnosis and treatment but also in prevention of mental disorders.

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