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Originalia

Das Dreckige Dutzend und die Niederträchtigen Neun

Kurzskalen zur Erfassung von Narzissmus, Machiavellismus und Psychopathie

Published Online:June 30, 2014https://doi.org/10.1026/0012-1924/a000124

Abstract

Bei der Erfassung persönlichkeitsrelevanter Eigenschaften kommen evaluativ negativere Dispositionen oft zu kurz. Diese sind jedoch besonders in interpersonellen Situationen wichtig. Die „Dunkle Triade”, bestehend aus Narzissmus, Psychopathie und Machiavellismus bietet die Möglichkeit diese verwandten Konstrukte und ihre Effekte spezifisch zu untersuchen. Im deutschen Sprachraum werden derzeit drei separate und umfangreiche Instrumente zu deren Messung benötigt. In drei Studien (N = 501; N = 828; N = 96) wird die Validierung einer deutschen Version (das „Dreckige Dutzend”) der „Dirty Dozen”-Kurzskalen (Jonason & Webster, 2010), sowie eine psychometrisch optimierte Version (die „Niederträchtigen Neun”) zur Erfassung der Kernaspekte der Dunklen Triade vorgestellt. Die vier bzw. drei Items umfassenden Skalen beider Instrumente weisen eine gute Struktur, interne Konsistenz und Stabilität auf. Darüber hinaus zeigen die Skalen zufriedenstellende konvergente Beziehungen zu den Standardverfahren der Dunklen Triade, differenzierte Zusammenhänge mit weiteren relevanten Persönlichkeitskonstrukten (z. B. Big Five-Facetten, Aggressivität, Soziosexualität) und prädizieren charakteristische Verhaltensweisen. Implikationen für die Erfassung der Dunklen Triade in Forschungs- und Anwendungskontexten werden diskutiert.


The Dirty Dozen and the Naughty Nine: Short scales for the assessment of narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy

When assessing personality dimensions, potentially negative characteristics are often given little attention. However, they are of particular importance in interpersonal situations. The Dark Triad, consisting of narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism, offers the opportunity to investigate these constructs and their specific effects. For the assessment of the Dark Triad three different and extensive questionnaires are currently used. In three studies (N = 501; N = 828; N = 96) the validation of the German version of the Dirty Dozen scales (Jonason & Webster, 2010) as well as a psychometrically optimized version (the Naugthy Nine) to assess core aspects of the Dark Triad is presented. The scales show a good structure, internal consistencies, and stability. Moreover, the scales show sufficient convergent associations to the standard measures of the Dark Triad, differentiated relations to other personality constructs (e. g., Big Five-facets, aggression, sociosexuality), and predict characteristic behaviors. Implications for the assessment of the Dark Triad in research and applied contexts are discussed.

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