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Originalarbeit

Trauern in Abhängigkeit vom Verwandtschaftsverhältnis zum Verstorbenen und der Todesart

Published Online:March 02, 2017https://doi.org/10.1026/0943-8149/a000162

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. Gegenstand der Untersuchung ist die Frage, ob bei Erwachsenen Unterschiede in der Ausprägung verschiedener Aspekte des Trauerns in Abhängigkeit vom Verwandtschaftsverhältnis zur verstorbenen Person und zur Todesart bestehen. Eine Stichprobe von 521 Personen bearbeitete das Würzburger Trauerinventar teils online und teils im Papier-und-Bleistift-Verfahren. Nach dem Verlust eines Kindes oder Ehepartners sind akute emotionale und kognitive Beeinträchtigungen und das Empfinden der Nähe zur verstorbenen Person jeweils stärker ausgeprägt als nach dem Verlust eines Elternteils oder Geschwisters. Nach einem unfallbedingten Verlust sind Beeinträchtigungen und das Empfinden der Nähe zur verstorbenen Person nicht stärker als nach einem Todesfall infolge von Krankheit. Angehörige von Suizidopfern äußern stärkere Schuldgefühle als Angehörige von Personen, die durch Krankheit oder Unfall umkamen. „Alter“, „Geschlecht“ und „Konfession“ spielen keine Rolle als Moderatorvariablen. Die Ergebnisse werden im Kontext internationaler Befunde zu Risikofaktoren des Trauerns diskutiert, und es werden Schlussfolgerungen für die klinische Praxis aufgezeigt.


Grief Depending on Kinship Relationship With the Deceased and on Mode of Death

Abstract. The study explored whether adults show differences in various dimensions of grief depending on their relationship with the deceased and the kind of death. A sample of 521 Germans filled in the Würzburg Grief Inventory partly online and partly in the paper-and-pencil version. After the loss of a child or a husband, both acute emotional and cognitive impairment and the sense of nearness to the deceased are stronger compared with the loss of a parent or sibling. After loss caused by an accident, impairments and the sense of nearness to the deceased are not stronger than after death by illness. Relatives of suicide victims express stronger feelings o‏f‎ guilt than do relatives of individuals who lost their live‏s‎ th‏r‎ough illness or accident. Age, sex/gender, and religion do not play a role as moderating variables. The results are discussed within the context of international findings on risk factors for bereavement outcome, and consequences for clinical practice are outlined.

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