Validierung einer deutschen Version des ATHLETE Fragebogens für Hochleistungssportlerinnen
Abstract
Der ATHLETE (Hinton & Kubas, 2005) ist ein speziell für Sportlerinnen entwickelter Fragebogen, der sportspezifische psychosoziale Risikofaktoren für gestörtes Essverhalten erfasst. Ein vergleichbares deutschsprachiges Instrument existiert bisher nicht. Die vorliegende Studie entwickelte eine deutsche Version des ATHLETE und überprüfte dessen Faktorenstruktur und psychometrische Kennwerte für Hochleistungssportlerinnen. Daten von 103 deutschen Athletinnen wurden mittels mehrerer Fragebögen und klinischem Interview an zwei Messzeitpunkten erhoben. Mit drei der ursprünglichen und drei neuen Faktoren weicht die Faktorenstruktur des deutschen ATHLETE von der der Originalversion ab. Reliabilität und konvergente Validität der Skalen sind akzeptabel bis sehr gut. Ergebnisse zur Kriteriumsvalidität fallen heterogen aus: Skalen zu Sportleridentität, Misstrauen, Perfektionismus und Elternverhalten zeigen keine oder mäßige Zusammenhänge zu Essstörungsproblemen. Nur die neuen Skalen Körper und Sport und Training zur Gewichtsregulation überzeugen als Maße zur Abschätzung der Gefährdung für gestörtes Essverhalten. Sie sind Prädiktoren für die Essstörungspsychopathologie nach 12 Monaten.
The ATHLETE questionnaire (Hinton & Kubas, 2005) is designed to capture sport-specific psychosocial risk factors for disordered eating behaviors in female athletes. A comparable German language instrument does not yet exist. In the course of this study the authors developed a version of the ATHLETE in German and tested its factor structure and psychometric properties for professional female athletes. Data from 103 German athletes was collected using questionnaires and a clinical interview that was conducted at two different points of time. The factor structure of the German version is different from the original version because of three original and three new factors. Reliability and convergent validity of scales range from acceptable to very good. Results regarding criterion validity are heterogeneous: Scales for athletic-identity, perfectionism, distrust, and parent's behavior are not or moderately related to eating problems. Only the new scales sport and body and training to control weight emerge as suitable measures for the assessment of risk for disordered eating. They are predictors for eating disorder pathology after 12 months.
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