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Schwerpunktbeiträge

Transdiagnostische expositionsbasierte Behandlung von Angststörungen

Implikationen für die Praxis

Published Online:April 10, 2018https://doi.org/10.1026/1616-3443/a000446

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Hintergrund: Neben störungsspezifischen Behandlungskonzepten werden in den letzten Jahren vermehrt transdiagnostische Behandlungsmanuale in der expositionsbasierten Behandlung von Ängsten und komorbiden Störungen eingesetzt. Die vorliegende narrative systematische Übersichtsarbeit beschreibt den Stand der Forschung zu transdiagnostischen Behandlungskonzepten in Hinsicht auf Angst- und komorbide Störungen. Methode: Die Literaturrecherche und die Datenanalyse wurden angelehnt an die PRISMA Guidelines vorgenommen. Die Ergebnisse von 17 Untersuchungen zu expositionsbasierten transdiagnostischen Behandlungskonzepten der letzten fünfzehn Jahre werden beschrieben. Ergebnisse: Die Resultate der referierten Studien zeigen, dass expositionsbasierte transdiagnostische Behandlungen die Symptome, sowohl der primären als auch der komorbiden Störungen, signifikant reduzieren. Expositionsbasierte transdiagnostische Konzepte sind effektiv zur Behandlungen von Angststörungen und komorbider Störungen. Sie stellen eine geeignete Alternative zu störungsspezifischen Behandlungen dar. Diskussion: Die Implikationen transdiagnostischer Konzepte für das praktische Vorgehen bei der individualisierten Diagnostik, der Vorbereitung und Durchführung von Expositionen werden erörtert. Schließlich werden Vorschläge für die Konzeptualisierung einer störungsübergreifenden Behandlung von Angststörungen, insbesondere solcher mit komorbider Symptomatik, vorgestellt.


Transdiagnostic Exposure-Based Treatments of Anxiety Disorders: Implications for Clinical Practice

Abstract.Background: Besides disorder-specific cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) concepts, transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral treatments have been increasingly used in exposure-based therapy of anxiety and comorbid disorders in recent years. This systematic narrative review provides the state of research on transdiagnostic CBT of anxiety and comorbid disorders. Methods: Research findings from 17 studies concerning exposure-based transdiagnostic treatments of the last 15 years are presented and discussed. The literature search and data analysis were conducted accordingly to the PRISMA Guidelines. Results: The results of the reviewed studies show that exposure-based transdiagnostic treatments reduce the symptoms of both principal and comorbid disorders. Transdiagnostic methods are effective for the treatment of anxiety and comorbid disorders and are an adequate alternative to disorder-specific treatments. Discussion: The implications of transdiagnostic CBT concepts in the individual diagnosis, preparation, and implementation of exposure are discussed. In conclusion, suggestions for the conceptualization of a transdiagnostic treatment for comorbid anxiety disorders are presented.

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