Lower serum levels of alpha tocopherol and lycopene are associated with higher pain and physical disability in subjects with primary knee osteoarthritis: A case-control study
Abstract
Abstract.Background: We aimed to determine dietary intake and serum concentration of α-tocopherol and lycopene in subjects with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in relation to pain intensity and functional status and comparing them with healthy controls. Methods: This case-control study was conducted among 35 patients with primary KOA and 35 matched healthy subjects selected using convenience sampling method. Dietary intakes of alpha-tocopherol and lycopene were estimated from 24-hour dietary records. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster (WOMAC) index were used to assess the pain and functional status, respectively. Results: Serum concentrations of alpha-tocopherol (0.024 ± 0.005 vs. 0.028 ± 0.007 μmol/ml, p-value = 0.021) and lycopene (0.616 ± 0.191 vs. 0.727 ± 0.159 μmol/l, p-value = 0.011) were significantly lower in OA patients in comparison with healthy controls. Dietary intake of alpha-tocopherol was negatively associated with total WOMAC score (r = –0.401, p–value = 0.021) and pain (r = –0.356, p-value = 0.042) and physical function (r = –0.355, p-value = 0.043) subscales. Dietary intake of lycopene was negatively associated with total WOMAC score (r = –0.616, p-value < 0.001) and pain (r = –0.348, p-value = 0.047) and physical function (r = –0.606, p-value < 0.001) subscales. Additionally, serum concentration of alpha-tocopherol was negatively associated with total WOMAC score (r = –0.574, p-value < 0.001) and physical function subscale (r = –0.571, p-value < 0.001). Serum concentration of lycopene was negatively associated with total WOMAC score (r = –0.360, p-value = 0.040) and physical function subscale (r = –0.350, p-value = 0.046) Conclusion: Serum concentrations of α-tocopherol and lycopene were significantly lower in patients with KOA than in healthy controls. Significant negative association was detected between serum concentration and dietary intake of α-tocopherol and lycopene with functional disability in patients with KOA.
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