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Rauchen in Oscar- und Lola-nominierten Filmen

Published Online:December 22, 2017https://doi.org/10.1024/0939-5911/a000511

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Ziel: Untersuchung der Häufigkeit des Rauchens in Filmen, die für einen Filmpreis nominiert worden sind. Prüfung der Assoziation zwischen dem Rauchen in Filmen und der Altersfreigabe der Filme. Methodik: Erfasst wurde für alle 81 Filme, die 2016 und 2017 für die „Oscars“ oder den Deutschen Filmpreis („Lolas“) nominiert wurden, ob geraucht wurde. Ferner wurde die Altersfreigabe der Filme durch die „Freiwillige Selbstkontrolle der Filmwirtschaft“ (FSK) und die „Motion Picture Association of America“ (MPAA) erhoben. Ergebnisse: In 60 (74%) der 81 Filme wurde geraucht. In Filmen, die für die Lolas nominiert worden waren, wurde häufiger geraucht als in Filmen, die für die Oscars nominiert waren (p=0,037). Rauchszenen traten unabhängig von der FSK-Altersfreigabe der Filme auf (p=0,648). Während 22% der Filme mit Rauchszenen die FSK-Altersfreigabe ab 16 Jahren erhielten, wurden in den USA 63% der Filme mit Rauchszenen mit einer Altersfreigabe ab 17 Jahren versehen. Schlussfolgerungen: In drei Viertel aller untersuchten Filme wurde geraucht. Es wurde häufiger in deutschen als in amerikanischen Filmen geraucht. Das amerikanische System der Altersfreigaben für Filme legt strengere Maßstäbe an und führt dazu, dass Jugendliche Filme mit Rauchszenen seltener sehen dürfen. Eine Anhebung der FSK-Altersfreigabe für Filme, in denen geraucht wird, würde die Zahl der Rauchszenen, die ein Jugendlicher sieht, verringern und entspräche einer zentralen Forderung der Weltgesundheitsorganisation.


Smoking in Oscar and Lola nominated films

Abstract.Aim: To study the frequency of smoking in films which have been nominated for a film award. Testing the association between smoking in films and age classification of the films. Methods: All films (n=81) which have been nominated for the “Oscars”, or the German Film Awards (“Lolas”) in 2016 and 2017 were content-coded according to whether or not they portrayed smoking. The age classification of the films according to the „Freiwillige Selbstkontrolle der Filmwirtschaft“ (FSK) and the “Motion Picture Association of America” (MPAA) was also recorded. Results: Sixty of 81 films (74%) portrayed smoking. Smoking occurred more often in films which have been nominated for the Lolas in comparison with films which have been nominated for the Oscars (p=0.037). There was no association between smoking in films and FSK age rating (p=0.648). FSK classified 22% of the films with smoking as appropriate for young people aged 16 years or above, in the USA 63% of the films with smoking received an R-rating (17 years or above). Conclusions: Three quarters of films portrayed smoking. Smoking occurred more often in German compared to American films. The US rating system for films sets stricter standards and leads to the fact, that adolescents are less often able to watch films that portray smoking. Increasing the FSK age classification for films that portray smoking would decrease the exposure of smoking in films to youth and would be in line with recommendations of the World Health Organization.

Keywords: Smoking, media, youth protection, USA, Germany

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