Abstract
Zusammenfassung.Hintergrund: Koronare Herzkrankheit ist eine der häufigsten Todesursachen für Menschen > 60 Jahre. Vom Lebensstil abhängige Risikofaktoren sind wesentlich beteiligt. Kardiale Rehabilitation ist daher essenziell für eine optimale Behandlung. Leider verstehen die Betroffenen ihre Krankheit kaum. Motivierende Gesprächsführung kann die Krankheitswahrnehmung verbessern. Ziel / Methode: In einer randomisiert-kontrollierten Studie wurde die Wirksamkeit einer Intervention mit motivierender Gesprächsführung auf die Krankheitswahrnehmung untersucht. Personen mit stabiler koronarer Herzkrankheit wurden konsekutiv nach perkutaner transluminaler Koronarangioplastie (PTCA) in die Studie aufgenommen. Die Interventionsgruppe erhielt ein kurzes motivierendes Gespräch zur Erkrankung und den Risikofaktoren als Intervention. Die Kontrollgruppe erhielt die Standardbetreuung. Vor der Intervention und sechs Monate später wurden Daten zur Krankheitswahrnehmung (Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised) erhoben. Ergebnisse: Total wurden 312 Personen (n = 148 Intervention, n = 164 Kontrollgruppe) in die Studie aufgenommen (Durchschnittsalter: 66,2 Jahre). Nach der Intervention zeigte sich eine signifikante Veränderung im Bereich der emotionalen Reaktionen auf die Erkrankung. Schlussfolgerung: Um die Krankheitswahrnehmung bei Personen mit stabiler koronarer Herzkrankheit zu verbessern, ist eine kurze Intervention mit motivierender Gesprächsführung möglicherweise wirksam. Ob eine Intensivierung der Intervention das Resultat weiter verbessert, muss noch untersucht werden.
Abstract.Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) constitutes one of the most frequent causes of death for individuals > 60 years. Lifestyle dependent risk factors are key. Hence, cardiac rehabilitation is essential for optimal CHD treatment. However, individuals rarely comprehend their illness. Motivational interviewing promotes illness perception. Aim/Methods: A randomised-controlled study was conducted to determine the effect of motivational interviewing on illness perception. Patients with stable coronary heart disease were consecutively recruited after elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). The intervention group received a short motivational interview (MI) about the disease and related risk factors as an intervention. The control group had usual treatment. Illness perception was assessed (Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised) prior to the intervention and six months afterwards. Results: A total of 312 patients (intervention group: n = 148, control group: n = 164) were recruited into the study (mean age: 66.2 years). After the intervention, a significant change was observed in the domain of emotional reactions regarding the disease. Conclusion: To improve illness perception in patients with stable CHD, one short intervention with MI may have an effect. Whether intensifying the MI-intervention is more effective, requires further research.
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