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Originalarbeit

COVID-19-Schutzmaßnahmen in der stationären Altenpflege

Ein Mapping Review pflegewissenschaftlicher Publikationen

Published Online:https://doi.org/10.1024/1012-5302/a000745

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Schutzmaßnahmen zur Eindämmung der COVID-19-Pandemie waren mit Isolationsmaßnahmen in der stationären Altenpflege verbunden. Aufgrund der bekannten negativen Auswirkungen von sozialer Isolation auf die Gesundheit wurden jedoch Diskussionen um die ethische Legitimation und Verhältnismäßigkeit dieser Maßnahmen geführt. Ziel: Der Beitrag soll darstellen, in welcher Form in pflegewissenschaftlichen Publikationen der Diskurs zu COVID-19-Schutzmaßnahmen stattgefunden hat und welche inhaltlichen Aspekte dabei thematisiert wurden. Methoden: Es wurde ein Mapping Review in PubMed durchgeführt. Alle Beitragsformen wissenschaftlicher Publikationen zur pflegerischen Versorgung älterer Menschen wurden berücksichtigt. Die Ergebnissynthese erfolgte in Form einer quantitativen Inhaltsanalyse zentraler inhaltlicher Aspekte. Ergebnisse: Insgesamt zeigen die 38 in die Synthese aufgenommenen Beiträge, dass sich nur ein kleiner Teil der wissenschaftlichen Publikationen zur COVID-19-Pandemie mit Personen in der stationären Langzeitversorgung auseinandersetzt. Zwar werden in der Hälfte der Beiträge kritische Aspekte der Isolation bedingt durch die Schutzmaßnahmen vor der COVID-19-Pandemie benannt, jedoch werden nur selten konkrete Maßnahmen benannt, um gegen die entstehenden negativen Effekte durch die Isolation anzugehen. Schlussfolgerungen: Es bedarf weiterer Aktivitäten in Forschung und Pflegepraxis, um den Bedürfnissen und Bedarfen der Pflegebedürftigen gerecht zu werden und auch in einer Sondersituation wie der COVID-19-Pandemie Eigenverantwortung und Selbstbestimmtheit zu ermöglichen.


Protective measures against COVID-19 in elderly care – A mapping review of publications in nursing science

Abstract. Background: Protective measures to combat the COVID-19 pandemic are associated with isolation among people in need of elderly care. Due to the known adverse effects of social isolation on health, discussions have been held about the ethical legitimacy and commensurability of these measures. Aim: The article aims to show in which format the discourse in scientific publication on protective measures against COVID-19 took place and which contents have been addressed. Methods: A mapping review in PubMed has been conducted. All publication types of scientific papers on nursing care of older people were considered. The results were synthesized in form of a quantitative content analysis of key aspects. Results: The 38 articles included in the synthesis show that only a small part of the scientific publications on the COVID-19 pandemic deals with people living in nursing homes. Although critical aspects related to the isolation caused by the protective measures against the COVID-19 pandemic are named in half of the contributions, specific measures to address the negative effects of the isolation are rarely mentioned. Conclusions: There is a need for further activities in research and nursing practice in order to meet the demand and desiderata of those in need of care and to enable personal responsibility and self-determination even in a special situation such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

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