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Originalia

Heterogene Entwicklung von Kindern postpartal depressiver Mütter

Published Online:April 01, 2002https://doi.org/10.1026/0084-5345.31.2.127

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Theoretischer Hintergrund: Zur Erklärung von Entwicklungsstörungen bei Risikokindern werden neben biologisch-genetischen Mechanismen vor allem sozial-interaktionale Transmissionswege diskutiert. Fragestellung: Am Beispiel von Kindern postpartal depressiver Mütter wird untersucht, ob Merkmale der frühen Mutter-Kind-Interaktion zur Aufklärung unterschiedlicher Entwicklungsverläufe beitragen können. Methode: Bei 22 Kindern postpartal depressiver Mütter und 116 Kindern psychisch gesunder Mütter wurden Entwicklungsdaten vom Säuglings- bis zum Grundschulalter prospektiv erhoben. Merkmale der frühen Mutter-Kind-Interaktion wurden durch eine standardisierte Verhaltensbeobachtung erfaßt. Ergebnisse: Kinder postpartal depressiver Mütter erzielten schlechtere kognitive Leistungen und wiesen mehr Verhaltensprobleme auf als Kinder psychisch unauffälliger Mütter. Kinder aus “depressiven“ Dyaden, in denen Mutter und Säugling responsiv interagierten, entwickelten sich günstiger als Kinder aus weniger harmonischen Interaktionen. Schlußfolgerungen: Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die besondere Bedeutung der Qualität der frühen Mutter-Kind-Interaktion für die Entwicklung von Risikokindern.


Heterogeneous development of children of postnatally depressed mothers

Abstract.Background: Biological-genetic mechanisms as well as social-interactional pathways of transmission are discussed as determinants of developmental disorders among children at risk. Objective: To investigate the contribution of early mother-child interactions to the heterogeneous development of children following maternal postpartum depression. Method: Development from infancy to 8 years was assessed in 22 children of postnatally depressed mothers and 116 children born to mentally healthy mothers. The quality of early mother-infant interaction was measured using an observational procedure. Results: Both cognitive and social-emotional outcome of children of postnatally depressed mothers was significantly poorer than in the healthy mother group. Children of ”depressed“ dyads with mother and child interacting responsively had a better prognosis than those in less harmonious relationships. Conclusions: These findings stress the importance of early interaction in the development of at-risk children.

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