Vorschlag eines umfassenden Modells zur Vorhersage von Präsentismus
Eine empirische Studie
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Das Phänomen „Präsentismus“ definiert als das Verhalten von Berufstätigen, trotz Vorliegen von Krankheitssymptomen der Arbeitstätigkeit nachzugehen. Studien haben gezeigt, dass verschiedene Faktoren Präsentismus beeinflussen. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung soll ein umfassendes Modell, das die Vorhersagequalität personenbedingter, organisationaler und arbeitsbezogener Faktoren hinsichtlich Präsentismus zeigt, entwickelt werden und damit bestehende Forschungsbefunde erweitern, um somit zu einem besseren Verständnis von Präsentismus beizutragen. Um die Fehlervarianz zu minimieren wurden über 800 Probanden eines einzigen Unternehmens befragt. Es zeigten sich Zusammenhänge von Präsentismus vor allem mit organisationalen und arbeitsbezogenen Faktoren, i.e. „Arbeitsplatzsicherheit“, „empfundene Gerechtigkeit“, „Unterstützung des Vorgesetzten“, „Funktion“ sowie „Vertretung im Krankheitsfall“, während nur „Gesundheitszustand“ als einziger personenbedingter Aspekt einen Prädiktionswert hatte.
Abstract. The phenomenon of presenteeism is defined as the behavior of professionals to engage in work activities despite the presence of symptoms of illness. Studies have shown that different factors influence presenteeism. The present study develops a comprehensive model showing the predictive quality of person-related, organizational, and work-related factors regarding presenteeism, thus extending existing research findings to create a better understanding of presenteeism. To minimize error variance, we surveyed over 800 subjects from a single company. Associations of presenteeism were found especially with organizational and work-related factors, such as “job security,” “perceived fairness,” “supervisor support,” “function,” and “sick leave substitution,” whereas “health status” was the only person-related aspect that had a predictive value.
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