Summary:Marsh (1996) produced evidence that method effects associated with negatively worded items might be responsible for the results of earlier factor analytic studies that reported finding positive and negative self-esteem factors in the Rosenberg ...
Summary: This study presents a French version of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), the factorial structure of which was evaluated on a nonclinical sample of 668 adults. A confirmatory factor analysis showed that the French PSWQ is a one-...
The 15 items of the Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale (MAAS; Brown & Ryan, 2003) are negatively worded and assumed to assess mindfulness. However, there are indications of differences between the original MAAS and a version with the positively ...
Need for cognition (NFC) refers to “the (enduring) tendency for an individual to engage in and enjoy effortful analytic activity” (Cacioppo & Petty, 1982, p. 116). Yet, NFC has predominantly been assessed in adults. I present a 19-item German NFC scale ...
Abstract. Many investigators have noted “reverse-coding” method factors when exploring response pattern structure with psychological inventory data. The current article probes for the existence of a confound in these investigations, ...
Many psychologists collect multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) data to assess the convergent and discriminant validity of psychological measures. In order to choose the most appropriate model, the types of methods applied have to be considered. It is shown how ...