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Integration pflegerelevanter Risiken für Munderkrankungen in die Strukturierte Informationssammlung

Ein Praxisentwicklungsprojekt

Published Online:September 29, 2023https://doi.org/10.1024/1012-5302/a000956

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Hintergrund: Defizitäre Mundhygiene und orale Erkrankungen sind hochprävalent bei zu Pflegenden. Es liegt kein Assessment zur Anwendung durch Pflegefachpersonen vor, das die Risiken für Munderkrankungen abbildet. Die Strukturierte Informationssammlung (SIS) ist ein Konzept zum Pflegeprozess-Einstieg und ermöglicht eine individuelle Maßnahmenplanung. Ziel: Ziel war es, Munderkrankungen als pflegerelevantes Risiko in die SIS zu integrieren und ein Assessmentinstrument für Mundhygienedefizite/-erkrankungen – eingeordnet in die SIS-Themenfelder – zu entwickeln. Methoden: Auf Basis einer Literaturrecherche wurden 21 systematische Übersichtsarbeiten analysiert und mit Mundgesundheits-Assessmentinstrumenten und Screeningkriterien, die im Expertenstandard zur Förderung der Mundgesundheit in der Pflege empfohlen werden, abgeglichen. Da kein Assessment alle Mundgesundheitsrisiken und Screening-Kriterien des Expertenstandards abdeckt, wurde der Bereich „Munderkrankung“ als zusätzliche Kategorie in die SIS integriert und ein auf die SIS abgestimmtes Assessment entwickelt. Ergebnisse: Es wird die um das pflegerelevante Munderkrankungsrisiko erweiterte SIS und das neu entwickelte Mund-Risiko-Assessment-Pflege (Mu-RAP) zur Anwendung durch Pflegefachpersonen dargestellt. Schlussfolgerungen: Die um Munderkrankungen erweiterte SIS und das Mu-RAP zur Identifizierung von Mundhygienedefiziten/-erkrankungen decken pflegerelevante Mundgesundheitsrisiken ab. Weitere Untersuchungen zur Reliabilität, Validität sowie zu versorgungswirksamen und patientenrelevanten Effekten sind notwendig.


Integrating risks for oral diseases into Structured Information Collection: A practice development project

Abstract.Background: Deficient oral hygiene and oral diseases are highly prevalent among nursing staff. Up to now, there is no assessment for nursing professionals integrated in the daily nursing routine, which depicts the complex risks for oral diseases. The Structured Information Collection (SIS) is a concept to guide the nursing process and enables individual action planning. Aim: The aim was to integrate oral diseases as a nursing-relevant risk into the SIS and to develop an assessment instrument for oral hygiene deficits/diseases integrated into the SIS topic areas. Methods: Based on a literature search, 21 systematic reviews describing SIS topic areas and oral health risks were analysed by a panel of experts. The caregiver-relevant oral health risks identified in this way were compared with existing oral health assessment instruments and with screening criteria recommended in the German national expert standard for the promotion of oral health in care. Since none of the oral health assessments covers all nursing-relevant oral health risks and the recommended screening criteria of the expert standard, the area of “oral diseases” was integrated into the SIS as an additional category, and an oral health assessment adapted to the SIS was developed. Results: This article presents the SIS expanded to include nursing-relevant oral disease risk and the newly developed Oral Risk Assessment Prevention (Mu-RAP) for use by nurses. Conclusions: The SIS expanded to include oral disease and the Mu-RAP for identifying oral hygiene deficits/diseases cover all nursing-relevant oral health risks. Further studies on the applicability, reliability, and validity of the instrument, as well as on care-effective and patient-relevant effects of its use are needed.

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