Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Fettleibigkeit oder Adipositas ist ein weit verbreitetes Problem, das nicht nur die Gesundheit beeinträchtigt, sondern auch ein soziales Stigma mit sich bringt. Viele Adipöse suchen deshalb Abhilfe in gewichtsreduzierenden Diäten. In einem Überblick der Befunde von Untersuchungen zur Langzeiteffektivität von gewichtsreduzierenden Diäten wird gezeigt, dass die Wahrscheinlichkeit, durch eine gewichtsreduzierende Diät das Normalgewicht zur erreichen und zu halten, für Adipöse extrem gering ist. Mit dem Konfliktmodell des Eßverhaltens wird eine Theorie der kognitiven Steuerung des Eßverhaltens vorgestellt, die nicht nur zum Verständnis der Genese der Adipositas beiträgt, sondern auch zur Erklärung der Schwierigkeiten von Adipösen beim Abnehmen. Es werden experimentelle Befunde diskutiert, die diese Theorie stützen.
Abstract. Obesity is a wide-spread problem which does not only impair one’s health but also results in a social stigma. Many obese therefore try to reduce their weight through weight-reducing diets. A review of research on the long-term effectiveness of such diets indicates that, for an obese person, the probability to reach and maintain a normal weight is minimal. Theories of the cognitive regulation of eating behaviour will be discussed and a new conflict model of eating behaviour will be presented. This theory contributes to our understanding of the psychological causes of obesity, and offers an explanation for the problems which obese individuals experience in their attempts to reduce weight and to maintain weight loss. Experimental results will be discussed which support this theory.
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