Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Die verhaltensmedizinische Betrachtungsweise chronischer Kopfschmerzen im Kindes- und Jugendalter bezieht sich auf ätiopathogenetische Annahmen und Befunde, die dann systematisch zu spezifischen Behandlungsverfahren führen. Die Migräne wird dabei als Reizverarbeitungsstörung des Gehirns beschrieben, die durch eine zentralnervöse Hypersensitivität und Dishabituation gekennzeichnet ist. Vermutlichen stehen dabei hereditäre und psychosoziale Mechanismen (speziell das Elternverhalten) im engen Wechselspiel zueinander. Die verhaltensmedizinischen Interventionsverfahren sind äußerst effektiv und beziehen sich auf das Reizverarbeitungstraining, Entspannungstechniken, Streßmanagementverfahren, Schmerzimmunisierungstechniken und Biofeedbacktherapie.
Abstract. The behavioral medicine approach to chronic headache in childhood and adolescence is based on etiopathogenic findings and theories, and on results of empirical research. From a biobehavioral perspective, migraine is thought as an information-processing disorder, characterized by a central nervous hypersensitivity (information-processing dysfunction) and dishabituation. We assume that hereditary and psychosocial (parental education) mechanisms both play an important role in migraine. Behavioral medicine interventions are highly effective and involve information-processing training, stress management, relaxation training, pain coping techniques, and biofeedback treatment.
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