Abstract
Initiative in der Arbeit und die zukunftsorientierte Beteiligung an organisationalen Veränderungen stellen proaktive Formen des kontextbezogenen Leistungsverhaltens dar. Als besonders erfolgsorientierte Aufgabenerfüllung und aktive Unterstützung der Gesamtorganisation repräsentieren beide unterschiedliche Nutzendimensionen von Kontextleistung. Im Längsschnitt über zwei Messzeitpunkte im Abstand von zwei Jahren wurden Wechselwirkungen zwischen Initiative und Beteiligung bei N = 51 Krankenhausangestellten untersucht. Mit Fragebogeninstrumenten wurden Initiative in der Aufgabenerfüllung als Vorgesetztenbewertung und die aktive Beteiligung an einem partizipativen Organisationsentwicklungsprozess per Selbstauskunft erhoben. Die pfadanalytische Auswertung unterstützt einen zeitlich verzögerten Effekt von Beteiligung auf Initiative, aber nicht die umgekehrte Wirkrichtung. Implikationen für die strukturelle Förderung von aktivem Mitarbeiterverhalten durch Beteiligungsmöglichkeiten werden diskutiert.
Initiative at work and the future-oriented participation in organizational change are proactive forms of contextual performance. Both represent distinct dimensions of the citizenship performance domain “task and organizationally directed behavior”. We investigated longitudinal effects between initiative and participation in a sample of N = 51 hospital employees at two measurement points over a period of 2 years. Task-directed initiative was measured through supervisor ratings, organizationally directed participation in change through self-reports in an employee survey. Path analysis supports a lagged effect of participation on initiative, but no reciprocal causation. The implications for structural facilitation of active employee behavior through participatory practices are discussed.
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