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Freier Beitrag

Exekutive Funktionen bei Kindern mit motorischen Auffälligkeiten

Published Online:June 30, 2015https://doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403/a000174

Abstract

Zunehmend wird die Rolle exekutiver Funktionen bei motorischen Entwicklungsstörungen diskutiert. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden kognitive und motorisch-koordinative Fähigkeiten von Kindergartenkindern mit und ohne motorische Auffälligkeiten verglichen (N = 96). Die parallelisierte Stichprobe bestand aus je n = 48 auffälligen Kindern und der Kontrollgruppe. Die motorisch auffälligen Kinder zeigten im Mittel deutliche Defizite in exekutiven Funktionen, insbesondere im Bereich der Inhibition und Interferenzkontrolle. Allerdings zeigte eine Subgruppe dieser Kinder keine kognitiv-exekutiven Probleme. Diese Kinder waren den übrigen motorisch auffälligen Kindern vor allem im Bereich der Handgeschicklichkeit überlegen. Die Ergebnisse werden vor dem Hintergrund möglicher zugrunde liegender Prozesse und Interventionsansätze diskutiert.


Executive Functions in Children with Motor Coordination Impairments

Links between motor coordination impairments and the development of executive functions have been explored in several recent investigations. In the current study, cognitive and motor coordination skills of kindergarten children (N = 96) aged 5 and 6 years with and without motor coordination impairments were compared. The matched sample consisted of n = 48 control children and n = 48 children with motor coordination impairments. Children with motor coordination impairments showed a marked deficit in the development of executive functions, particularly in inhibition processes. However, a subsample of children with motor coordination impairments showed no deficits in executive functions. These children outperformed the rest of the impairment group in manual dexterity. Underlying processes and implications for interventions are discussed.

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