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Originalia

Motivation und Gesundheit

Bedürfnisfrustration als Vermittler zwischen Selbststeuerungsdefiziten und psychosomatischen Symptomen

Published Online:September 01, 2006https://doi.org/10.1026/0943-8149.14.2.46

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. Die Befriedigung grundlegender psychischer Bedürfnisse ist eine wichtige Voraussetzung für subjektives Wohlbefinden und psychische Gesundheit. In der Theorie der Persönlichkeits-System-Interaktionen (PSI) wird angenommen, dass negativer Affekt den Zugriff auf integrierte Repräsentationen von eigenen Bedürfnissen und Handlungsoptionen reduziert, wenn Personen negativen Affekt nicht selbstgesteuert herabregulieren können (d.h. lageorientiert sind). Eine lageorientierte Perseveration negativen Affektes sollte daher die Wahrnehmung und Umsetzung eigener Bedürfnisse erschweren und zu einer Frustration eigener Bedürfnisse führen. Diese Bedürfnisfrustration wird als tiefgreifender Stressfaktor angesehen, der den Zusammenhang zwischen Selbststeuerungsdefiziten und psychosomatischen Symptomen vermitteln kann. In einer Untersuchung an N = 53 Probanden zeigte sich erwartungsgemäß ein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen Lageorientierung und Bedürfnisfrustration. Der Zusammenhang zwischen Lageorientierung und vielfältigen psychosomatischen Symptomen wurde durch Bedürfnisfrustration vermittelt. Bedürfnisfrustration kann damit als ein symptomübergreifender Krankheitsfaktor angesehen werden. Implikationen für die gesundheitspsychologische Forschung und Praxis werden diskutiert.


Motivation and health: Need frustration as a mediator between self-regulatory deficits and psychosomatic symptoms

Abstract. Satisfaction of basic psychological needs is an important predictor of subjective well-being and mental health. According to personality systems interactions (PSI) theory, negative affect is expected to reduce access to integrated representations of own needs and action alternatives for individuals who are not able to self-regulate negative affect (i.e., state-oriented individuals). Thus, state-oriented perseveration of negative affect is expected to render the perception and satisfaction of personal needs more difficult and to lead to need frustration. This need frustration is conceived of as a profound stress factor that can mediate the relationship between self-regulatory deficits and psychosomatic symptoms. In the present study (N = 53), we found a significant relationship between state orientation and need frustration. As expected, the relationship between state orientation and diverse psychosomatic symptoms was - at least partially - mediated by need frustration. Thus, need frustration can be conceived of as an unspecific pathogenic factor. Implications for research and applications in health psychology are addressed.

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