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Originalia

Kein Kind bleibt zurück

Die Rolle der Entwicklung von motorischen Fertigkeiten

Published Online:March 02, 2015https://doi.org/10.1026/1612-5010/a000088

Abstract

Die Förderung von gesundheitsbewusstem Verhalten über die Lebensspanne hinweg ist ein weltweites Problem, das nicht nur Auswirkungen auf die gesamte physische Gesundheit hat (d. h. die Milderung der zunehmenden Rate an Adipositas und der Abnahme an körperlicher Aktivität), sondern auch auf die psychische und kognitive Gesundheit. Eine wachsende Anzahl an Studien zeigt, dass die Entwicklung von motorischen Fertigkeiten ein wichtiger direkter und/oder indirekter Mechanismus sein könnte, um positive physische und psychologische Gesundheitsverläufe in der Kindheit und im Erwachsenenalter zu fördern (Stodden et al., 2008). Jüngste Untersuchungen zeigen außerdem, dass es zwischen körperlicher Aktivität und Adipositas sowie kognitiver Gesundheit und akademischer Leistung einen Zusammenhang gibt. Die direkte Integration der Entwicklung motorischer Fertigkeiten, als ein Schwerpunkt im Rahmen von Interventionen, könnte ebenfalls Aspekte der kognitiven Gesundheit beeinflussen. Aus einer entwicklungsorientierten Perspektive ist es wichtig, physische, psychologische und kognitive Gesundheit im frühen Kindesalter bereits anzusprechen, um positive Verläufe über die Lebensspanne hinweg zu fördern. Dieser Artikel stellt eine Übersicht über aktuelle Daten bezüglich der Zusammenhänge zwischen verschiedenen Aspekten der Entwicklung motorischer Fertigkeiten und körperlicher Aktivität, gesundheitsbezogener Fitness, Adipositas und psychischer Gesundheit dar. Des Weiteren liefert er Begründungen für Wissenschaftler, um den möglichen Einfluss der Entwicklung motorischer Fertigkeiten auf verschiedene Aspekte kognitiver Gesundheit zu untersuchen.


No child left behind: The role of motor skill development

Promoting healthy behaviors across the lifespan is a worldwide issue that has implications not only for overall physical health (i. e., alleviating increased obesity and decreased physical activity trajectories), but also for psychological and cognitive health. An emerging body of literature indicates that motor skill development may be an important direct and/or indirect mechanism to promote positive physical and psychological health trajectories across childhood and adolescence (Stodden et al., 2008). As recent research also indicates, physical activity and obesity is linked to cognitive health and academic achievement, the direct integration of motor skill development as a priority in interventions may also influence aspects of cognitive health. From a developmental perspective, it is important to address physical, psychological, and cognitive health in early childhood to promote positive trajectories across the lifespan. This paper provides an overview of recent data on relationship trajectories between various aspects of motor skill development and physical activity, health-related fitness, obesity, and psychological health. In addition, it provides a rationale for researchers to examine the possible influence of motor skill development on various aspects of cognitive health.

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