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Originalia

Fasten und (Über)-essen:

Published Online:September 01, 2006https://doi.org/10.1026/1616-3443.34.2.95

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Theoretischer Hintergrund: Ergebnisse tierexperimenteller Studien lassen darauf schließen, dass Fastenperioden mit reduzierter sympathischer Aktivierung verbunden sind, während Zeiten der normalen Ernährung oder des Überessens mit einer erhöhten sympathischen Aktivierung einhergehen. Fragestellung: In der vorliegenden Studie wurden Parameter der kardialen sympatho-vagalen Balance zu endokrinologischen Variablen des Ernährungszustandes in Beziehung gesetzt. Methode: Sechzehn Frauen mit der Diagnose Bulimia nervosa wurden anhand ihres Serum-Profils in verschiedenen endokrinologischen Parametern (Glukose, Prä-Albumin, Somatomedin-C, TSH, Leptin) in zur Zeit mangelernährt (fastend) und nicht-mangelernährt (nicht-fastend) kategorisiert und mit 14 alters- und BMI-parallelisierten gesunden Frauen verglichen. Zur Bestimmung der sympatho-vagalen Erregungslage wurden die spektralanalytischen Komponenten der Herzfrequenzvariabilität mit autoregressiven Analysen von Ruhedaten berechnet. Ergebnisse: Wie erwartet war die Ruhepulsfrequenz bei fastenden Bulimikerinnen signifikant niedriger als bei nicht-fastenden Bulimikerinnen oder Kontrollpersonen. Nicht-fastende Bulimikerinnen zeigten die niedrigsten vagalen und die höchsten sympathischen Frequenzkomponenten in der Herzfrequenzvariabilität. Schlussfolgerungen: Diese Ergebnisse bestätigen die Hypothese kardialer sympathischer Hemmung während des Fastens und der erhöhten sympathischen Aktivierung bei normaler Ernährung oder Überessen.


Fasting and (over)eating: Effects of yoyo diets on measures of cardiac sympthovagal balance

Abstract.Background: Findings from animal studies suggest sympathetic inhibition during dietary restriction as opposed to increased sympathetic activity during re-feeding. Objective: The present study investigated sympathovagal balance in relation to endocrinological parameters of malnutrition status in women diagnosed with bulimia nervosa. Methods: Sixteen female volunteers diagnosed with bulimia nervosa were categorized according to their serum profile (glucose, prealbumin, insuline-like growth factor, TSH, leptin) into currently malnourished (i.e., fasting) versus non-malnourished (not fasting) and compared with fourteen controls without eating disorders matched for age and body mass index (BMI). Spectral components of heart rate variability (HRV) were calculated on resting heart rate data using autoregressive analysis. Results: As expected, fasting bulimic women displayed lower resting heart rates compared to non-fasting women and controls. Non-fasting bulimic women consistently showed lower results in the vagally mediated component and significantly higher results in the sympathetically mediated component of HRV. Conclusions: These results confirm the notion of cardiac sympathetic inhibition during caloric restriction and increased activity during periods of normal eating or bingeing.

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