Störungen des Sozialverhaltens
Sind neue Erklärungsansätze eine Grundlage für eine evidenzbasierte Klassifikation und Behandlung?
Abstract
Dieser Beitrag diskutiert die prädiktive Validität der allgemeinen Diagnosekriterien von Störungen des Sozialverhaltens nach ICD-10 und DSM-IV-TR. Dabei wird Bezug genommen auf aktuelle Befunde, die eine Phänotypisierung früh beginnender Störungen des Sozialverhaltens auf der Basis neurobiologischer und persönlichkeitsspezifischer Faktoren nahelegen. Untersuchungsergebnisse, die auf defizitäre neurobiologische Mechanismen aggressiven Verhaltens in Bezug auf Prozesse der Emotionswahrnehmung und Emotionsregulation hinweisen, werden dargestellt, wobei auch die Bedeutung möglicher mediierender Einflüsse früher psychosozialer Erfahrungen auf neurobiologische Funktionen erörtert wird. Die klinischen Implikationen für die Klassifikation, den Verlauf und die Behandlung von Störungen des Sozialverhaltens werden abschließend diskutiert.
This article concerns whether present psychiatric criteria for conduct disorder have sufficient predictive validity. Recent neurobiological findings are briefly summarized which suggest a more specific phenotyping of the early starter subtype of conduct disorder on the basis of neurobiological and personality correlates. Findings are discussed concerning deficits in neurobiological functioning with regard to emotion perception and emotion regulation relevant to social and aggressive behaviour as well as possible mediating influences of early psychosocial experiences on the development of neurobiological functions. The clinical implications for the classification, course and therapy of conduct disorders are also considered.
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