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Themenschwerpunkt/Theme Articles

Wie stark sind Erwachsene mit ADHS und komorbiden Störungen in ihrer gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität beeinträchtigt?

Published Online:February 28, 2015https://doi.org/10.1024/1661-4747.a000002

Abstract

Hintergrund: Zur ADHS bei Erwachsenen liegen nur wenige Studien vor, die den Zusammenhang zwischen einer ADHS und komorbiden Störung erheben und mit der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität in Verbindung bringen. Methode: Die Teilnehmer der Studie wurden per Kreuzklassifikation in Gruppen unterteilt, nachdem sie als auffällig oder unauffällig eingestuft wurden. Neben χ2-Tests und korrelativen Beziehungen wurden prädiktive Werte und das relative Risiko bestimmt, um den Zusammenhang zwischen ADHS, komorbiden Störungen und der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität zu ermitteln. Ergebnisse: Während bei wenigen und begrenzten ADHS-Symptomen kaum komorbide Störungen festzustellen waren, so treten in der Hälfte aller Fälle von ADHS weitere psychische Belastungsfaktoren auf. Dabei hatten ADHS-Betroffene ein deutlich höheres Risiko für das Vorliegen psychischer Beschwerden als die Nichtbetroffenen. Diskussion: ADHS ist mit erhöhter psychischer Belastung bei gleichzeitiger Abnahme der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität verbunden. Neben dem generellen Nachweis einer hohen psychischen Belastung bei ADHS hat dies wichtige Konsequenzen für Diagnostik und Therapie. So ist eine umfassende Differenzialdiagnostik nötig, damit eine Therapie auch komorbide Störungen einbeziehen kann und sich somit die gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität verbessern lässt.


Do Symptoms of Adult ADHD and Comorbid Disorders Have Impact on Health Related Quality of Life?

Background: With regard to adult ADHD until now only a few studies focus on the relation between ADHD, comorbid disorders and health related quality of life, which has been realized in the present study. Method: Participants in this study had been cross-classified in different groups due to fulfilling the criteria of being impaired or nonimpaired in terms of the assessment instruments used. Correlations, χ2-tests, predictive values and relative risks were calculated, representing the influence of adult ADHD on comorbid disorders. Results: While the absence of ADHD-symptoms is associated with a high probability for the absence of psychological impairments as well, a positive indication of ADHD-Symptoms leads to comorbid disorders in nearly half of the cases. Participants with ADHD had a higher risk for the development of psychological impairments than it was the case for the nonimpaired group. Discussion: ADHD increases the impact of comorbid disorders along with a decrease of health-related quality of life. Besides a general evidence for higher psychological impairments by presence of ADHD, the results of the study highlight the need for a comprehensive diagnostic with respect to therapeutic intervention to improve health-related quality of life.

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