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Freier Beitrag

Aggression im Strassenverkehr

Published Online:February 28, 2015https://doi.org/10.1024/1661-4747/a000087

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Verkehrsunfälle (oder Unfälle im Straßenverkehr) gehören zu den häufigsten Todesursachen bei jungen Erwachsenen. Eine Vielzahl von Unfällen wird mit aggressivem Fahrverhalten in Verbindung gebracht. In Deutschland darf seit kurzem bei Verdacht auf ein erhöhtes Aggressionspotential eine Medizinisch-Psychologische Untersuchung (MPU) angeordnet werden, die einen Entzug des Führerscheins zur Folge haben kann. Das Vorgehen basiert auf der Annahme, dass allgemein aggressive Personen ein erhöhtes Risiko aufweisen, problematisches Fahrverhalten im Straßenverkehr zu zeigen. Mit einer umfangreichen Literatursuche wurden klinische und nichtklinische Studien identifiziert, die die Zusammenhänge von aggressivem Verhalten und problematischem Fahrverhalten untersuchen. Zusätzlich zu den entsprechenden Befunden werden Ergebnisse zu weiteren bedeutsamen Merkmalen (Ärger, Impulsivität und Sensation Seeking) dargestellt. Insgesamt kann die Annahme bestätigt werden, dass aggressive Personen häufiger zu einem problematischen Fahrverhalten neigen. Die Zusammenhänge können insbesondere bei jungen Männern als gesichert gelten. Es wird eine pragmatische Differenzierung in vorwiegend proaktiv und reaktiv aggressive Fahrer vorgeschlagen. Abschließend werden Grenzen, Einschränkungen und die Dringlichkeit von Präventions- und Interventionsmaßnahmen aufgezeigt.


Aggression on the road

Abstract.Traffic accidents are one of the most common causes of death among young adults. A large number of accidents seem to be related to aggressive driving behavior. In Germany a medical-psychological assessment can be arranged if an increased potential for aggression is suspected, which can lead to disqualification from driving. The approach is based on the assumption that aggressive people generally have a higher risk of causing driving problems in traffic. Links between aggressive behavior and problematic driving were examined by clinical and non-clinical studies identified in an extensive literature research. In addition findings of other important personal characteristics (anger, impulsivity and sensation seeking) are presented. Overall, the assumption that aggressive people more often tend to problematic driving behavior can be confirmed, especially for young men. We propose a pragmatic differentiation in predominantly proactive and reactive aggressive drivers. Finally, limits, constraints and the urgency of prevention and intervention are discussed.

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