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Originalia

Stimmung als Input

Published Online:April 15, 2015https://doi.org/10.1024//0044-3514.32.1.1

Abstract

Zusammenfassung: Als ein single-process Ansatz beschreibt das Mood-as-Input-Modell von Martin und seinen Kollegen (Martin, Ward, Achee & Wyer, 1993) den Informationsgehalt von Stimmungen für die kognitive Verarbeitung. Ihre Untersuchungen belegen die postulierten Wechselwirkungen von Stimmungen mit Verarbeitungszielen für quantitative Leistungsmaße (Anzahl, Zeit), während für qualitative Leistungsaspekte (Kreativität) nur Haupteffekte der Stimmung festgestellt wurden. Bisher wurden eher angenehme Aufgaben in diesen Untersuchungen eingesetzt. Daher testet die vorliegende Arbeit Hypothesen zu den Auswirkungen einer weniger angenehmen, neutralen Aufgabe. Bei N = 62 Studierenden der Universität Heidelberg im Alter von 19 bis 43 Jahren (Median 24 Jahre) wurde durch Filmausschnitte ein positiver oder neutraler Gefühlszustand induziert. Anschließend bildete die Hälfte jeder Gruppe Wortassoziationen zu neutral-valenten Zielwörtern mit ergebnis- oder prozessbezogenen Bearbeitungszielen. Die Auswertung replizierte für quantitative Leistungsaspekte die erwartete Interaktion von Stimmung und Verarbeitungsziel mit inversem Ergebnismuster. Für qualitative Leistungsaspekte wurden Haupteffekte der Stimmung und des Verarbeitungszieles festgestellt. Die Befunde verdeutlichen den bisher vernachlässigten Beitrag der Aufgabenvalenz und unterstreichen die Gültigkeit der multiple-process Hypothese für den Stimmungseinfluss.


Summary: As a single-process view the mood-as-input model of Martin and his colleagues (Martin, Ward, Achee & Wyer, 1993) describes the informative function of moods for cognitive processing. Their results support the postulated interactions of moods with processing goals for quantitative measures of performance (numbers generated, time spent) but for qualitative measures (creativity) only main effects of mood were observed. Up to date mainly pleasant tasks are used in this research, hence this paper tested hypotheses on the role of less pleasant, neutral-valenced tasks. In N = 62 students of the University of Heidelberg (19-43 years, median 24 years) a positive or neutral feeling state was induced with film clips. Then, half of each group formed word associations to neutral targets with either a result-oriented or process-oriented goal instruction. Results replicated the expected interaction of mood with processing goal for quantitative indices with an inverse pattern. Qualitative measures revealed main effects for mood and processing goal. The findings demonstrate the neglected aspects of task valence and support the validity of the multiple-process view of mood influence.

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