Abstract
Zusammenfassung: Es wird ein Experiment dargestellt zu der Frage, ob die Aktivierung einer Eigenschaftskategorie und die hieraus resultierende Erwartung über eine Person (genannt “Stimulusperson”) zu einem spezifischen nachfolgenden Verhalten gegenüber dieser Person führt. 60 Probanden wurden in Dyaden zusammengestellt, wobei ein Proband per Zufall der Rolle einer Stimulusperson zugeordnet wurde. Jede Stimulusperson interagierte nacheinander mit drei verschiedenen Versuchspersonen, deren kategoriale Erwartung zu der Stimulusperson durch Vorgabe charakteristischer Merkmale der Kategorie “extravertiert” bzw. “introvertiert” variiert wurde. In einer Kontrollbedingung erfolgte keine Kategorienaktivierung. Zwei Faktoren waren ausschlaggebend für das Verhalten der Versuchspersonen: (a) der spezifische Inhalt der aktivierten Kategorie und (b) die Konsistenz der Erwartung mit dem Verhalten der Stimulusperson. Die Bedeutung der Befunde für aktuelle Modelle der Kognitions-Verhaltens-Verknüpfung wird diskutiert.
Summary: Current models of the social cognition-behavior link assume that activating a trait category induces an expectancy about a target person and a specific behavior towards this person. 60 subjects participated in an experiment where 15 subjects were randomly assigned to the role of a target person. Each target interacted consecutively with three subjects whose category-dependent expectancy towards the target was varied. To activate different categories, subjects received attributes of a typical “extravert”, a typical “introvert” or no information in the control condition. The analysis of the interaction data confirmed the hypothesis. Subjects' behavior was significantly influenced by the prior activated category where two factors affected the quality of the behavior: (a) the content of the category and (b) the consistency between subjects' expectancy and targets' behavior. Theoretical implications of the results are discussed.
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