Abstract
Zusammenfassung: Grays Theorie zum Verhaltenshemmsystem (Behavioral Inhibition System, BIS) und zum Verhaltensaktivierungssystem (Behavioral Approach System, BAS) ist von besonderer Relevanz für die biopsychologisch orientierte Persönlichkeitsforschung. Zur Erfassung der auf diesen beiden Systemen basierenden Dispositionen liegt für den englischen Sprachraum der BIS/BAS-Fragebogen von Carver und White vor, der vier Skalen (BIS, BAS Fun Seeking, BAS Drive und BAS Reward Responsiveness) umfaßt. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt eine bisher nicht verfügbare deutsche Adaption des BIS/BAS-Fragebogens vor. 389 Männer und Frauen im Alter von 18-68 Jahren bearbeiteten eine Übersetzung des 24 Items umfassenden Inventars. Analysen erbrachten akzeptable psychometrische Eigenschaften der Skalen. Strukturüberprüfungen konnten die postulierte vierfaktorielle Struktur nicht bestätigen, weder auf der Basis der Extraktionskriterien noch mithilfe konfirmatorischer Analysen. Die Extraktionskriterien sprachen für eine zwei- bzw. dreifaktorielle Lösung. Auch aus theoretischen Gründen wird eine zweifaktorielle Lösung mit den Faktoren BIS und BAS präferiert. Weiterführende Studien sollten sich vorrangig mit einer Revision des Itemformats sowie mit der weiteren Überprüfung der faktoriellen Struktur des BIS/BAS-Fragebogens befassen.
Gray's concepts of a Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) and a Behavioral Approach System (BAS) are considered to be invaluable for research on biopsychological aspects of individual differences. The original BIS/BAS-scales, as developed by Carver and White, address individual dispositional differences in Gray's systems with four scales (BIS, BAS Fun Seeking, BAS Drive and BAS Reward Responsiveness). The study presented here provides a German adaptation of Carver and White's BIS/BAS-scales. 389 men and women between 18 and 68 years completed the 24 item inventory. Statistical analyses yielded acceptable psychometric scores for the scales, and revealed demographic effects between men and women. More detailed analyses focused on the dimensional structure of the inventory, but did not confirm Carver and White's four dimensional solution, irrespective of extraction criteria. Our data as well as theoretical considerations indicate a two factor solution consisting of one BIS and one BAS factor. Further research should address the item format of the BIS/BAS-scales as well as their dimensional structure.
Literatur
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