Psychometrische Beurteilung der anterograden Gedächtnisstörungen beim amnestischen Syndrom
Abstract
Zusammenfassung: In die klinische Studie sind N = 118 Patienten mit amnestischem Syndrom aus 5 Diagnosegruppen (Korsakow-Syndrom, Hypoxie, SHT, vaskuläre Demenz und M. Alzheimer im Frühstadium) eingegangen. Bei der psychometrischen Untersuchung mit dem Berliner Amnesie Test (BAT) finden wir ein charakteristisches Testprofil, das durch schwer gestörtes recall, signifikant geringere Defizite beim recognition, extrem schnelles Vergessen, auffallende Enkodierungsdefizite, mnestische Interferenzen und weitgehend erhaltene Kurzzeitgedächtnisspanne gekennzeichnet ist. Bei ca. 80% der Fälle liegen sowohl verbale als auch figural-räumliche mnestische Störungen vor. Bezüglich der Mittelwertprofile der Patientengruppen können keine klinisch wesentlichen statistischen Unterschiede nachgewiesen werden. Es werden Verteilungsparameter zum amnestischen Syndrom angegeben, die zur Schätzung des Schweregrades und zur Abgrenzung von anderen Gedächtnisstörungen geeignet sind.
Abstract:N = 118 in-patients with amnesic syndrome from five different groups of diagnosis (Korsakoff's syndrome, Hypoxia, Head injury, vascular Dementia and Alzheimer's disease (early stage)) were tested by a neuropsychological test battery including the Berliner Amnesie Test (BAT). A typical profile of memory disorders characterized by heavy disturbed recall, significantly smaller deficit in familiarity based recognition, extremely rapid forgetting, remarkable encoding deficits, mnesic interferences and nearly normal short-term memory span was found. There is no essential difference between the mean values of test profiles of the included diagnostic groups. About 80% of the cases have verbal as well as figural-spatial memory disorders. Using the distribution parameters of the tested sample, it is possible to differentiate between patients with amnesic syndrome and other memory disorders and to estimate the severity of the amnesic syndrome in a quantitative way.
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