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Themenschwerpunkt

Psychotherapie bei ADHS im Erwachsenenalter: Eine Bestandsaufnahme

Published Online:March 06, 2015https://doi.org/10.1024/1661-4747/a000216

Abstract

Die Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) im Erwachsenenalter ist eine komplexe psychische Erkrankung, die mit erheblichen psychosozialen Funktionseinschränkungen einhergeht und einen Risikofaktor für die Entwicklung komorbider Störungen darstellt. Auf dieser Grundlage hat sich der Einsatz psychotherapeutischer Behandlungen als sinnvoll und wirksam erwiesen. Die meisten bisherigen untersuchten Interventionen sind kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutisch ausgerichtet. Die Therapiekonzepte verfolgen das Ziel, die mit der Störung assoziierten funktionellen Einschränkungen sowie dysfunktionalen Kognitionen, Selbstwert- und Interaktionsprobleme zu verändern und verbessern. Die Behandlungsprogramme zeigten insgesamt positive Effekte hinsichtlich des Schweregrades der zugrunde liegenden ADHS-Symptomatik sowie der damit verbundenen Symptome Depressivität und Ängstlichkeit. Sowohl nicht medizierte Patienten, als auch Patienten, die nach einer medikamentösen Behandlung noch Residualsymptome aufwiesen, profitierten von der psychotherapeutischen Behandlung.


Psychotherapy of ADHD in adults: A survey

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adulthood is a complex psychiatric disorder that is associated with significant psychosocial functional limitations and represents a risk factor for the development of comorbid disorders. On this basis, the use of psychotherapeutic treatments has proved useful and effective. Most previously-studied interventions are aligned with cognitive-behavioural therapy. The various therapeutic approaches pursue the goal of changing and improving the functional limitations associated with the disorder, as well as the dysfunctional cognitions, self-esteem and interaction problems. The treatment programs have shown overall positive effects with regard to the severity of the underlying ADHD symptoms and the associated symptoms of depression and anxiety. Both non-medicated patients and patients who still had residual symptoms after drug treatment, benefited from the psychotherapeutic treatment.

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