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Themenschwerpunkt

Messung der Stimmfrequenz im Paargespräch – Chancen für Diagnostik und Intervention in der Paartherapie

Published Online:September 21, 2020https://doi.org/10.1024/1661-4747/a000420

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt die bisherigen empirischen Befunde zur Sprachgrundfrequenz (f0) in Paargesprächen vor und untersucht, wie sich die f0 nach einer experimentellen Stressinduktion im anschließenden spontanen Gespräch zwischen den Partner_innen verändert, wie die f0 mit der verbalen Stressäußerung zusammenhängt und wie sie zwischen den beiden Partner_innen kovariiert. Von 128 heterosexuellen Paaren nahm jeweils eine Person pro Paar am Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) teil. Die dem TSST vorangehende und anschließende naturalistische Interaktion zwischen den Partner_innen wurde gefilmt und nach Gesprächsthema und Art der Stressäußerung kodiert. Wie vorherige Studien zur f0 im Paargespräch zeigte auch die vorliegende Studie, dass die f0 wichtige Informationen über die Partnerschaft enthält. Während eine Erhöhung der f0 in Gesprächen über einen paarinternen Stressor (d.h. bei Konfliktgesprächen) mit negativen Kommunikationsmustern einherging, zeigte die vorliegende Studie, dass die f0 bei Gesprächen über einen paarexternen Stressor (d.h. beim TSST) mit emotionsorientierten Stressäußerungen einherging, also einer für den Stressbewältigungsprozess förderlichen Art der Kommunikation. Die Oszillatorenmodelle zeigen darüber hinaus, dass eine Kopplung der f0 zwischen den Partner_innen besteht, was darauf hindeutet, dass die nicht gestressten Partner_innen auf die paraverbalen Stressäußerungen der gestressten Partner_innen mit ihren eigenen paraverbalen Stressäußerungen reagieren.


Measuring fundamental frequency in couples' conversations – Opportunities for assessment and intervention in couple therapy

Abstract. This paper reviews the empirical research on the fundamental frequency of speech f0 in romantic couples' interactions. It examines how f0 changes during spontaneous conversation between the romantic partners after one partner has participated in an experimental stress induction, how f0 relates to verbal stress expressions, and how it is covaries between the two partners. Out of 128 heterosexual couples, one person per couple took the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). The naturalistic interaction between the partners before and after the TSST was videotaped with a hidden camera and the topic of conversation and the type of stress expression were coded. Like previous studies on f0 in couple's conversation, the present study showed that f0 contains important information about the couple’s relationship. While in previous studies an increase in f0 during conflict conversations was associated with negative communication patterns, the present study shows that an increase in f0 during conversations about a couple-external stressor (i.e., the TSST) was associated with emotion-oriented stress expressions, a type of communication that is beneficial for the stress-management process. The oscillator models also show that there is a coupling of f0 between the partners, indicating that the nonstressed partners react to the paraverbal stress expressions of the stressed partners with their own paraverbal stress expressions.

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