Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Routinedaten entstehen als Nebenprodukt des normalen Betriebsalltags. Diese ohne Zusatzaufwand massenhaft generierten Daten lassen sich mit ökonomischen oder im Falle der Medizin auch mit gesundheitlichen Fragestellungen auswerten. Durch die nicht-kontrollierte Art der Sammlung von Routinedaten sowie aufgrund der uneinheitlichen Handhabung von elektronischen Krankengeschichten ergeben sich aber je nach Fragestellung Grenzen der Aussagekraft von Resultaten. Dieser Artikel widmet sich den Fragen rund um Herkunft, Verarbeitung, Interpretation und Nutzen von Routinedaten. Dabei werden auch Machine Learning und Big Data kritisch in den Kontext gebracht, sowie die Aspekte Datenschutz und Ethik. Hinsichtlich des Schweizer Gesundheitssystems zeigt der Artikel die notwendigen Voraussetzungen, damit das Potential von Routinedaten auch hierzulande zugunsten einer besseren medizinischen Versorgung genutzt werden kann.
Abstract. Today, a huge amount of data is created when medical care is provided, either in a hospital setting or in ambulatory care. Even if those data are not collected with the purpose to answer scientific questions, they can be used to this effect. The fact that data collection differs in quality and extent from setting to setting and no standardization regarding the documentation exists, means that the use of these data is often limited. Switzerland is one of the countries with the highest variety regarding Electronic Medical Records (EMR), nevertheless, routine data can be used if some standardization is used in aggregating and summarizing these data. They can provide important information about the extent as well as the quality of care and contribute to improve the health care system.
Résumé. Une quantité de données sont créées aujourd’hui lorsque sont fournis des soins médicaux, que ce soit dans un milieu hospitalier ou en ambulatoire. Même si de telles données ne sont pas collectées dans le but de répondre à des questions scientifiques, elles peuvent être utilisées dans ce but. Le fait que la collecte de données diffère en qualité et en quantité en fonction du cadre dans lequel elles ont été obtenues, et qu’il n’existe pas de standardisation concernant la documentation explique leur emploi limité. La Suisse est un des pays ayant la plus importante variété en ce qui concerne les enregistrements électroniques médicaux. Néanmoins les données obtenues de façon routinière peuvent être utilisées en essayant de standardiser les données en les rassemblant et en les résumant. Elles peuvent fournir d’importantes informations sur l’étendue et la qualité des soins et contribuer à l’amélioration du système de santé.
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