Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Menschliche Entwicklung vollzieht sich in der Interaktion von Biologie und Kultur. Deshalb müssen die jeweiligen öko-kulturellen Kontextbedingungen bei der Untersuchung von Entwicklung berücksichtigt werden. Untersuchungen in verschiedenen öko-kulturellen Kontexten stellen jedoch große Anforderungen an die verwendeten Untersuchungsmethoden. In dem vorliegenden Überblicksartikel werden diese methodischen Herausforderungen dargestellt und anhand von empirischen Beispielen aus dem Bereich der Kulturvergleichenden Forschung zur Lern- und Gedächtnisentwicklung von Säuglingen verdeutlicht. Die Beispiele beziehen sich auf das Habituationsparadigma, die Mobile-Aufgabe (mobile conjugate reinforcement task) sowie die A-nicht-B-Suchaufgabe. Lösungsmöglichkeiten werden entwickelt und mögliche Forschungsstrategien diskutiert.
Abstract. Human development takes place at the interface between biology and culture. Therefore the study of development requires consideration of the respective eco-cultural framework. However, research in different eco-cultural contexts poses high demands on the research methods. The present review illustrates these methodological challenges on the basis of empirical examples from cross-cultural infancy research concerning the development of learning and memory. The examples refer to the habituation paradigm, the mobile conjugate reinforcement task, and the A-not-B task. Possible solutions are proposed and research strategies discussed.
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