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Grundlagen

Nicht-suizidale Selbstverletzung (NSSV) bei Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen

Published Online:December 02, 2011https://doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403/a000065

Abstract

Nicht-suizidales selbstverletzendes Verhalten (NSSV) stellt ein häufiges Phänomen sowohl im Jugendalter als auch im jungen Erwachsenenalter dar. NSSV zeigt auch in nicht-klinischen Populationen eine enge Beziehung zu psychopathologischen Auffälligkeiten. Im klinischen Kontext steht ein repetitives NSSV häufig im Zusammenhang mit einer Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung (BPS) im Jugend- wie auch im Erwachsenenalter. Um die therapeutische Handlungsfähigkeit zu erweitern, ist ein verbessertes Verständnis der Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung von NSSV dringend erforderlich. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden neben der Phänomenologie und den intra- und interpersonellen Funktionen der NSSV und den psychosozialen Risikofaktoren auch Ergebnisse der neurobiologischen Grundlagenforschung zur Pathogenese dieses Phänomens referiert. Im Sinne eines Diathese-Stress-Modells werden die wichtigsten Vulnerabilitätsfaktoren zusammengestellt und zukünftige Forschungsstrategien entworfen.


Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents and young adults

Non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (NSSI) is a common phenomenon both in adolescence and young adulthood. NSSI in non-clinical populations also shows a close relationship to psychopathological symptoms. In the clinical context, repetitive NSSI is often linked with borderline personality disorder in adolescent as well as in adult patients. To extend the therapeutic options a better understanding of the origin and maintenance of NSSI is urgently needed. In this review, in addition to the phenomenology, intra- and interpersonal functions of NSSI and psychosocial risk factors, the results of neurobiological research on the pathogenesis of this phenomenon is referenced. In terms of a diathesis-stress model, the main vulnerability factors are delineated and future research strategies are outlined.

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