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Kurzbericht

Können neue Erfassungsmethoden alte Probleme der Wohlbefindensmessung lösen?

Item Response Theorie, Itembanking und Computeradaptives Testen am Beispiel der KIDSCREEN-Studie

Published Online:April 02, 2009https://doi.org/10.1026/0943-8149.17.2.94

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. Die meisten der derzeit verfügbaren Mehriteminstrumente zur Erfassung des Wohlbefindens und der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität sind sehr lang und umfangreich, während kürzere Verfahren oft Einbußen in der Messpräzision bedingen. Die Messungen der unterschiedlichen Verfahren sind darüber hinaus kaum vergleichbar. Diese Nachteile schränken die praktische Anwendbarkeit der Wohlbefindensmessung für wissenschaftliche sowie klinische Untersuchungen ein. Am Beispiel des internationalen KIDSCREEN Projektes wird aufgezeigt, wie moderne Verfahren der Item-Response Theorie (IRT), des Itembanking und des Computer Adaptiven Testens (CAT) zur Lösung der genannten Probleme beitragen können. Die 6 Items der IRT skalierten Skala Psychisches Wohlbefinden des KIDSCREEN-52 Lebensqualitätsinstruments konnten mit weiteren 20 Items von 5 anderen Lebensqualitätsinstrumenten auf eine gemeinsame Metrik kalibriert werden. Die entwickelte Itembank erhöht die Reliabilität der Messung von α = .81 auf α = .92, ermöglicht eine individuelle Diagnostik und die Vergleichbarkeit der Messergebnisse über die Instrumente. Die Itembank kann als Grundlage für einen Computer Adaptiven Test (CAT) psychischen Wohlbefindens verwendet werden.


Can new methods solve old problems in the assessment of well-being? Item response theory, itembanking, and computer adaptive test exemplified by the KIDSCREEN study

Abstract. Most of today’s multi-item instruments for the assessment of well-being and health-related quality of life are rather long – whereas shorter instruments often lack measurement precision. Furthermore, the measurement results of the different tools are hardly comparable. These shortcomings hinder the practical application of well-being assessment for clinical and scientific purposes. Exemplified by the international KIDSCREEN project, it is shown how modern methods of item response theory (IRT), item banking, and computer adaptive test (CAT) could help solve these problems. The 6 items of the IRT scaled psychological well-being dimension of the KIDSCREEN-52 Quality of Life instrument and 20 additional items from 5 other quality of life instruments could be calibrated on a common metric. The developed item bank increased measurement precision from α = .81 to α = .92 over a wide range of measurements and enables individual diagnosis and the comparison of measurements results across instruments. The item bank can be used for individual diagnosis as part of a CAT.

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