Abstract
Estimates of reliability and validity coefficients for the Gray-Wheelwrights Jungian Types Survey (GW/JTS), which was developed to measure Carl Jung's theory of types, are reported in this article. The GW/JTS is an 81-item forced-choice instrument with three bipolar scales, introversion-extraversion (IE), sensation-intuition (SU), and thinking-feeling (TF). Four methods, the GW/JTS, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), and self- and peer-rating were used to measure IE, SU, and TF in a sample of 187 adults. Reliability coefficients for the GW/JTS scales were .72 for IE, .70 for SU, and .38 for TF; the reliability for TF was not sufficient. Using confirmatory factor analysis and the Campbell and Fiske guidelines, the IE and SU scales demonstrated reasonable construct validity and the TF scale showed limited validity.
References
1977). Psychological types and empathy. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Inter-Regional Society of Jungian Analysts, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
(1975). The Gray-Wheelwrights Test. Diagnostica, 21, 66–83.
(1993). EQS/Windows user's guide. Los Angeles, CA: BMDP Statistical Software, Inc.
(1978). The psychological type of the analyst and its relation to analytical practice. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 23, 211–225.
(1959). Convergent and discriminant validation by multitrait-multimethod matrix. Psychological Bulletin, 56, 81–105.
(1978). Review of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. In The eighth mental measurements yearbook: Vol. 1 (pp. 973–975). Highland Park, NY: Gryphon Press.
(1947). Jung's psychological types: Meaning and consistency of the questionnaire Journal of General Psychology, 37, 177–186.
(1994). Comparing the MBTI, the Jungian type survey, and the Singer-Loomis Inventory of Personality. Journal of Psychological Type, 30, 30–38.
(1993). Psychometric evaluation of the Singer-Loomis Inventory of Personality. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 38, 303–320.
(1989). Confirmatory factor analyses of multitrait-multimethod data: Many problems and a few solutions. Applied Psychological Measurement, 13, 335–361.
(1981). Jungian psychology in perspective. New York: The Free Press.
(1989). Reinterpreting the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator from the perspective of the five-factor model of personality. Journal of Personality, 57, 17–40.
(1962). The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator manual. Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Service.
(1971). Psychological types and individuation: A plea for a more scientific approach in Jungian psychology. In , The analytic process (pp. 276–289). New York: Putnam.
(1978). An empirical study of Jungian psychology. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 23, 226–247.
(1972). Analytical psychologists and psychological types: Comments on replies to a survey. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 17, 137–151.
(2000). Understanding “method” variance. In , Validity in social experimentation: Donald Campbell's legacy (pp. 63–87). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
(1964). Some correlates of a Jungian personality inventory. Psychological Reports, 14, 623–643.
(1964). Jungian Type Survey: The Gray-Wheelwrights Test. (16th Revision). San Francisco: Society of Jungian Analysts of Northern California.
(1985). Hierarchically nested covariance structure models for multitrait-multimethod data. Applied Psychological Measurement, 9, 1–26.
(1980). Factorial validity of the Jungian Type Survey. Educational & Psychological Measurement, 40, 1051–1058.
(